Passive Maritime Surveillance Using Satellite Communication Signals

Abstract

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Bistatic Cross Section of Ships Between P and S Band

“…The S-band data was generated using the University College London (UCL) NetRad system in trials described within [8]. Only one of the L-band values has been reported before, within [6]. The 700 MHz results were obtained as part of the work described in [7].…”

“…Overviews of the field of bistatic radar can be found in [4,5] One of the potential fields of application of bistatic radar is in marine radars [6,7] and at least one significant campaign has been undertaken to gather bistatic sea clutter data [1,2,3,8], but very little has been published on the bistatic radar cross sections of ships.…”

Experimental Demonstration of Ship Target Detection in GNSS-Based Passive Radar Combining Target Motion Compensation and Track-before-Detect Strategies

“…However, satellite-based passive radars present some relevant benefits with respect to their terrestrial-based counterparts: Wider accessibility on the global scale, less sensitivity to multipath effects, signals not blocked by mountains, and not reliance on potentially vulnerable infrastructures. Over recent years, the update of the current satellite fleets and the plan of new missions stimulated a rising interest in the development of innovative system concepts and techniques for satellite-based passive radar applications [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19].…”

“…Maritime areas far from land, such as international waters and economic exclusive zones, cannot be reached by the radio waves emitted by ground-based transmitters, but are in the scope of few satellite sources. Suitable candidates are communication satellites such as Inmarsat and Iridium [13,14], broadcasting satellites in geostationary orbits such as Astra and Eutelsat (DVB-S) [15], and Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) [16][17][18][19], with each choice having its own merits and shortcomings in terms of radar operations. Navigation satellites represent the best choice in terms of coverage, with constellation designed to guarantee a persistent and global illumination, even at the poles.…”

High-Resolution Radar Waveform Design Based on Target Information Maximization

“…Although the MTIC has been employed in various radar waveform design problems, to our best knowledge, it has not been investigated in terms of the high resolution requirement yet. Meanwhile, high resolution needs to be considered in many different types of radars [24][25][26][27][28][29]. For example, SAR with different platforms including spaceborne SAR, airborne SAR and unmanned aerial vehicle SAR, and many non-imaging radars, such as surveillance radar [24,25], tracking radar [26,27] and even weather radar [28,29], all require a high resolution waveform.…”