Passive ammonia sensor: RFID tag integrating carbon nanotubes

Occhiuzzi, Cecilia; Rida, A.; Marrocco, Gaetano; Tentzeris, Manos M.

doi:10.1109/aps.2011.5996557

Cited by 10 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 12 publications

(10 reference statements)

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“…Connecting sensors with information technology through wireless rf communication is a promising approach to enable cost-effective onsite chemical detection and analysis (8). Although rf technology has been recently applied toward wireless chemical sensing, current approaches have several limitations, including lack of specificity to selected chemical analytes, requirements for expensive, bulky, fragile, and operationally complex impedance and network analyzers, and reliance on extensive data processing and analysis (8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13). We report herein the adaptation of a nascent technology embedded in modern smartphones-near-field communication (NFC)-for wireless electronic, portable, non-line-of-sight selective detection of gasphase chemicals ( Fig.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Wireless gas detection with a smartphone via rf communication

Azzarelli

Mirica

Ravnsbæk

et al. 2014

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

141

103

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Chemical sensing is of critical importance to human health, safety, and security, yet it is not broadly implemented because existing sensors often require trained personnel, expensive and bulky equipment, and have large power requirements. This study reports the development of a smartphone-based sensing strategy that employs chemiresponsive nanomaterials integrated into the circuitry of commercial near-field communication tags to achieve non-line-of-sight, portable, and inexpensive detection and discrimination of gas-phase chemicals (e.g., ammonia, hydrogen peroxide, cyclohexanone, and water) at part-per-thousand and part-per-million concentrations.RFID | NFC | sensor | nanomaterials | wireless P ortable chemical sensors are needed to manage and protect the environment (1), human health (2, 3), and quality of life (4). Examples include sensors for point-of-care diagnosis of disease (5), detection of explosives and chemical warfare agents (6), indication of food ripening and spoilage (7), and monitoring of environmental pollution (1). Connecting sensors with information technology through wireless rf communication is a promising approach to enable cost-effective onsite chemical detection and analysis (8). Although rf technology has been recently applied toward wireless chemical sensing, current approaches have several limitations, including lack of specificity to selected chemical analytes, requirements for expensive, bulky, fragile, and operationally complex impedance and network analyzers, and reliance on extensive data processing and analysis (8-13). We report herein the adaptation of a nascent technology embedded in modern smartphones-near-field communication (NFC)-for wireless electronic, portable, non-line-of-sight selective detection of gasphase chemicals ( Fig. 1 and Fig. S1). We demonstrate this concept by (i) incorporating carbon-based chemiresponsive materials into the electronic circuitry of commercial NFC tags by mechanical drawing and (ii) using an NFC-enabled smartphone to relay information regarding the chemical environment (e.g., presence or absence of a chemical) surrounding the NFC tag. This paper illustrates the ability to detect and differentiate partper-million (ppm) concentrations of ammonia, cyclohexanone, and hydrogen peroxide. We demonstrate the ability to couple wireless acquisition and transduction of chemical information with existing smartphone functions [e.g., Global Positioning System (GPS)] (Movie S1).Many commercial smartphones and mobile devices are equipped with NFC hardware configured to communicate wirelessly with NFC "tags"-simple electrical resonant circuits comprising inductive (L), capacitive (C), and resistive (R) elements on a plastic substrate (Fig. 1). The smartphone, such as the Samsung Galaxy S4 (SGS4) used in this study, communicates with the battery-free tag by powering its integrated circuit (IC) via inductive coupling at 13.56 MHz (14). Power transferred from the smartphone to the IC is, among other variables, a function of the transmission frequency (f), the re...

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Wireless gas detection with a smartphone via rf communication

Azzarelli

Mirica

Ravnsbæk

et al. 2014

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

141

103

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Planar microwave sensors can be fabricated by means of either subtractive (e.g., photoetching or milling) or additive (e.g., inkjet-printing, screen-printing, or 3D-printing) processes. Moreover, planar microwave sensors are compatible with many other technologies such as microfluidics, micromachining, textiles, etc., and can be equipped with functional films, that make these sensors of interest in applications as diverse as liquid sensing [3][4][5][6][7], bio-sensing [8,9], gas sensing [10][11][12][13][14][15][16], wearables [17,22], measurement of physical variables (such as temperature or ambient humidity [23][24][25]), etc. Nevertheless, the most canonical application of planar microwave sensors is the dielectric characterization of materials (permittivity measurements [7], [26][27][28]).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microwave Humidity Sensor for Early Detection of Sweat and Urine Leakage

Su¹,

Vélez²,

Casacuberta³

et al. 2023

Preprint

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A planar microwave sensor devoted to the detection of humidity in underwear and clothes in general is proposed. The ultimate goal of the sensor is to detect the presence of liquids in fabrics, of interest to aid patients that suffer from certain pathologies, such as hyperhidrosis and enuresis. The main target in the design of the sensor, considering the envisaged application, is simplicity. Thus, the sensor operates at a single frequency, and the working principle is the variation in the mag-nitude of the transmission coefficient of a matched line loaded with an open-ended quar-ter-wavelength sensing stub resonator. The stub, which must be in contact with the so-called fabric under test (FUT), generates a notch in the transmission coefficient with a resonance frequency that depends on the humidity level of the fabric. By designing the stub with a moderately high quality factor, the variation in the resonance frequency causes a significant change in the magnitude level at the operating frequency, the resonance frequency when the sensing stub is loaded with the dry fabric, and the presence of liquid can be detected by means of an amplitude detector. A prototype device is proposed and experimentally validated.

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“…Planar microwave sensors can be fabricated by means of either subtractive (e.g., photoetching or milling) or additive (e.g., inkjet printing, screen printing, or 3D printing) processes. Moreover, planar microwave sensors are compatible with many other technologies such as microfluidics, micromachining, textiles, etc., and can be equipped with functional films that make these sensors of interest in applications as diverse as liquid sensing [3][4][5][6][7], bio-sensing [8,9], gas sensing [10][11][12][13][14][15][16], wearables [17][18][19][20][21][22], measurement of physical variables (such as temperature or ambient humidity [23][24][25]), etc. The dielectric characterization of materials, namely permittivity measurements [7], [26][27][28], represents the archetypal application of planar microwave sensors.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microwave Humidity Sensor for Early Detection of Sweat and Urine Leakage

Vélez

Casacuberta

et al. 2023

Electronics

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A planar microwave sensor devoted to the detection of humidity in underwear and clothes in general is proposed. The ultimate goal of the sensor is to detect the presence of liquids in fabrics, which is of interest to aid patients who suffer from certain pathologies, such as hyperhidrosis and enuresis. The main target in the design of the sensor, considering the envisaged application, is simplicity. Thus, the sensor operates at a single frequency, and the working principle is the variation in the magnitude of the transmission coefficient of a matched line loaded with an open-ended quarter-wavelength sensing stub resonator. The stub, which must be in contact with the so-called fabric under test (FUT), generates a notch in the transmission coefficient with a resonance frequency that depends on the humidity level of the fabric. By designing the stub with a moderately high-quality factor, the variation in the resonance frequency causes a significant change in the magnitude level at the operating frequency, which is the resonance frequency when the sensing stub is loaded with the dry fabric, and the presence of liquid can be detected by means of an amplitude detector. A prototype device is proposed and experimentally validated. The measured change in the magnitude level by simply depositing one 50 μL drop of water in the FUT is roughly 25 dB.

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Passive ammonia sensor: RFID tag integrating carbon nanotubes

Cited by 10 publications

References 12 publications

Wireless gas detection with a smartphone via rf communication

Wireless gas detection with a smartphone via rf communication

Microwave Humidity Sensor for Early Detection of Sweat and Urine Leakage

Microwave Humidity Sensor for Early Detection of Sweat and Urine Leakage

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