Passive acoustic tracking for cueing a multistatic active acoustic tracking system

Ricks, Rockie L.; Grimmett, Doug; Wakayama, Cherry

doi:10.1109/oceans-yeosu.2012.6263410

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

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“…Anthropophony consists of sound contributions from industrial, military and leisure activities such as shipping (Merchant et al, 2012), seismic surveys (Guerra et al, 2011;Guan et al, 2015;Nowacek et al, 2015), pile driving (Bailey et al, 2010;Thompson et al, 2013), antisubmarine warfare (Ricks et al, 2012), seabed characterization (Harrison and Simons 2002;Quijano et al, 2012), and active sonar (Dolman et al, 2011), causing anthropogenic underwater noise pollution (Williams et al, 2015;Haver et al, 2017;Merchant et al, 2018). Analysis of the anthropophony allows quantification of the associated pressure on the oceanic environment, widely affecting marine life (Van der Graaf et al, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gliders for passive acoustic monitoring of the oceanic environment

Cauchy

Heywood

Merchant

et al. 2023

Front. Remote Sens.

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Ocean gliders are quiet, buoyancy-driven, long-endurance, profiling autonomous platforms. Gliders therefore possess unique advantages as platforms for Passive Acoustic Monitoring (PAM) of the marine environment. In this paper, we review available glider platforms and passive acoustic monitoring systems, and explore current and potential uses of passive acoustic monitoring-equipped gliders for the study of physical oceanography, biology, ecology and for regulatory purposes. We evaluate limiting factors for passive acoustic monitoring glider surveys, such as platform-generated and flow noise, weight, size and energy constraints, profiling ability and slow movement. Based on data from 34 passive acoustic monitoring glider missions, it was found that <13% of the time spent at sea was unsuitable for passive acoustic monitoring measurements, either because of surface communications or glider manoeuvre, leaving the remainder available for subsequent analysis. To facilitate the broader use of passive acoustic monitoring gliders, we document best practices and include workarounds for the typical challenges of a passive acoustic monitoring glider mission. Three research priorities are also identified to improve future passive acoustic monitoring glider observations: 1) Technological developments to improve sensor integration and preserve glider endurance; 2) improved sampling methods and statistical analysis techniques to perform population density estimation from passive acoustic monitoring glider observations; and 3) calibration of the passive acoustic monitoring glider to record absolute noise levels, for anthropogenic noise monitoring. It is hoped this methodological review will assist glider users to broaden the observational capability of their instruments, and help researchers in related fields to deploy passive acoustic monitoring gliders in their studies.

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