Passive acoustic emissions monitoring of the coating of pellets in a fluidized bed—A feasibility analysis

Sheahan, Taylor; Briens, Lauren

doi:10.1016/j.powtec.2015.06.004

Cited by 15 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…In addition, the change in particle size and density could be represented by different combinations of 10 Hz frequency groups, and the trend of multivariate scores supported on-line monitoring. Sheahan and Briens [103] studied the application of passive AE monitoring in particle coating in the fluidized bed. The microphone was connected to the top of the spray fluidized bed to reflect local fluidization conditions and nozzle performance information.…”

Section: Pat Implementation In Pharmaceutical Granulation Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Granulation process analysis technologies and potential applications in traditional Chinese medicine

Cui

Hou

Feng

et al. 2022

Acupuncture and Herbal Medicine

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Pharmaceutical production is changing from batch production to continuous production, during which granulation is one of the most important unit operations. The quality of mass-produced products is traditionally guaranteed by conducting off-line testing, which cannot meet the demand of continuous production for real-time monitoring of critical process parameters and critical quality attributes (CQAs) of the pharmaceutical granulation technology. Since the U.S. Food and Drug Administration proposed process analytical technology (PAT) in 2004, many PAT tools have been developed to monitor the granulation process and provide information regarding the granulation operation conditions and endpoint determination. In this article, we review the recent research and application of two PAT modes in the granulation process, namely, single CQA and multi-CQA PAT, with the aim to provide references for comprehensively improving the technological level of the pharmaceutical granulation process. Furthermore, the potential applications in traditional Chinese Medicine are discussed.

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Section: Pat Implementation In Pharmaceutical Granulation Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Granulation process analysis technologies and potential applications in traditional Chinese medicine

Cui

Hou

Feng

et al. 2022

Acupuncture and Herbal Medicine

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“…Local degradation in fluidization quality is expected to occur in fluid cokers when, for example, a nozzle that has been broken or eroded delivers much more liquid than expected. This degradation in fluidization quality that occurs when a bed region becomes too wet can be encountered not only in fluid cokers but in any process where a liquid is injected into a fluidized bed, such as fluidized bed dryers, granulators, , and coaters, , and in processes such as combustion or polymerization, where particles can agglomerate. , In fluid cokers, bogging is associated with a drastic degradation of the liquid distribution on the bed particles. , This review focuses on invasive and non-invasive methods that could detect bogging in commercial fluid cokers.…”

Section: Reactormentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of Research Related to Fluid Cokers

Briens

McMillan

2021

Energy Fuels

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Fluid coking is a thermal conversion process that uses a conventional two-vessel circulating fluidized bed to convert heavy hydrocarbon feeds to lighter products. The technology was developed in the 1950s and since then has been used commercially around the world to upgrade heavy oils from various sources. Research work has been summarized related to all aspects of the fluid coking process, including reaction fundamentals, bed hydrodynamics, liquid distribution and jet–bed interaction, mixing of solid particles and agglomerates, mixing of vapors, control of the particle size, cleaning of the vapor stream in the scrubber, cleaning of the cold coke in the stripper, process monitoring, coke transfer lines, and the burner. The fluid coking process involves complex interactions between fluidized bed hydrodynamics, liquid feed injection, and reaction kinetics, and research tools that can take into account all of these interacting variables are requited to test methods to optimize the process. Fluid cokers can process many different types of feeds, and future applications may include blending and co-processing a variety of feedstocks ranging from waste plastics, pyrolytic bio-oil, and off-spec vegetable oils with heavy oil. The findings from this summary are also relevant for other applications that inject liquid into fluidized beds, such as the fluid catalytic cracking process, olefin polymerization cooled by liquid injection, granulators, and coaters.

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“…Gas–solid fluidized bed reactors, with advantages such as high efficiency of mass and heat transfer, large gas–solid contact area, and convenient operation, have been widely employed in fields such as chemical engineering, food, and pharmaceuticals. − Particle mixing and circulation contribute to uniform temperature distribution and efficient heat and mass transfer, , thus providing crucial support for the design and structural optimization of reactors. , To meet the production requirements of special processes, it is necessary to add the liquid phase into the gas–solid fluidized bed reactor. The addition of liquid alters the microscopic forces of particles, imparting viscosity to them and causing them to agglomerate. − However, the agglomeration of liquid-containing particles may lead to poor mixing, reduced solid-phase circulation rate, and even defluidization. − Therefore, a comprehensive investigation into the mixing and circulation characteristics of the liquid-containing particle fluidization system and the elucidation of its mechanisms are essential for achieving stable fluidization within liquid-containing gas–solid fluidized bed reactors.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative Correlation Analysis of Mixing and Circulation Characteristics in a Liquid-Containing Gas–Solid Fluidized Bed Reactor under Coupled Effects of Multiple Parameters

Luan,

Feng,

Han

et al. 2024

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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Liquid addition complicates the particle mixing and circulation characteristics within the liquid-containing gas−solid fluidized bed reactor, which significantly affects heat-mass transfer and chemical reaction processes and deserves an in-depth study. This work utilizes the CFD−DEM method to investigate the effects of liquid property parameters on the mixing and circulation characteristics of liquid-containing particles. Both the comprehensive effects of multiple parameters and the interactive effects among them have been considered. A heat map is used to visualize the time-averaged Lacey index for quantitative analysis. Then, the mixing and circulation mechanism in the liquid-containing particle fluidization system is proposed based on the above analysis. Changes in liquid property parameters alter particle velocity, thereby affecting convective and shear mixing and ultimately leading to significant differences in the mixing and circulation characteristics. Compared with other parameters, surface tension plays a more important role in determining the mixing and circulation characteristics. Only under higher surface tensions, liquid viscosity and liquid content show significant effects on the above characteristics. A comprehensive investigation into the mixing and circulation characteristics of the liquid-containing particle fluidization system and the elucidation of its mechanisms are essential for achieving stable fluidization within the liquid-containing gas−solid fluidized bed reactor.

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Passive acoustic emissions monitoring of the coating of pellets in a fluidized bed—A feasibility analysis

Cited by 15 publications

References 24 publications

Granulation process analysis technologies and potential applications in traditional Chinese medicine

Granulation process analysis technologies and potential applications in traditional Chinese medicine

Review of Research Related to Fluid Cokers

Quantitative Correlation Analysis of Mixing and Circulation Characteristics in a Liquid-Containing Gas–Solid Fluidized Bed Reactor under Coupled Effects of Multiple Parameters

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