Passenger Satisfaction Evaluation and Achieving Sustainable Integrated Urban Transport: Structural Equation Analysis Based on Macau Data

Abstract

The sustainable development of urban transport is the key to sustainable urban development. This study analyses and identifies the evaluation indicators affecting Macau’s transport, and analyses the relationship between the relevant evaluation indicators and passenger satisfaction, thus contributing to the improvement and the sustainable development of Macau’s public transport services. This study uses a questionnaire to collect data. Based on the current situation of Macau’s social groups, the mainland students in Macau who were selected as the target group are significantly different from residents and tourists in Macau; their needs and perceptions of public transport are more intense. This group’s needs and perceptions of public transport are significantly different from those of residents and tourists. The set indicators of satisfaction with public transport in Macau reflect them. After analyzing and determining the evaluation indicators, structural equation modeling was applied to establish the structural models of Macau’s three public transport services. Finally, the shortcomings of the three public transport services were reflected through the standardized coefficient weights and passenger satisfaction. The study results show that the seating arrangement and smoothness of travel of Macau’s public transport services need to be improved, and the dial-a-ride service’s price setting and waiting time need to be improved. The price setting, convenience of hailing, and payment method of the taxi service need to be improved. In contrast, overall, the satisfaction level of the dial-a-ride service is significantly higher than that of the taxi service. Therefore, the findings of the study have important policy implications for relevant policymakers, who should not only focus on optimizing daily operations but, more importantly, on improving the shortcomings mentioned above, which are of great value in enhancing the passengers’ perception of public transport in Macau and are also crucial to achieving the sustainable development of public transport in Macau.

An Empirical Study on the Tourist Cognitive Evaluations of Tourism Public Services in Xinjiang Province, China

“…This paper builds upon previous case studies, and it selected five 5A-rated scenic areas representing different types of tourism resources as subjects for a multi-case empirical study, thus avoiding the one-sidedness of single-case research results. Certain scholars have used the analytic hierarchy process to analyze the weight of related statistical indicators [46] in order to evaluate the level of regional tourism public services, or they have utilized the SEM model to assess and validate the level of tourism transportation services [47] or the intention to revisit [48]. This paper, drawing on existing index system construction methods through exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis, divides the evaluation system into two levels, thereby expanding the coverage of evaluation content.…”

“…Quadrant 2 contains the factors that represent "Low Importance-High Satisfaction", including clear safety guidelines and warning systems (1), authentic promotion of tourist destination (2), focus on protecting the rights of tourists (3), perfect safety and security mechanism (4), tourist sense of security (5), sound emergency plan (6), focus on personnel training (7), level of community participation (25), focus on sustainable development (39), highly publicized content (40), tourism consumption education (41), prompt resolution of complaints (42), food and beverage supervision (43), smooth complaint channels (44), timely handling of emergencies (45), market regulation in place (46), and focus on standardization (47). This suggests that Xinjiang has invested significantly in these aspects of tourism public services, thus resulting in high tourist satisfaction.…”

Sustainable development of million cities: Spatial evidence from Russia

“…The significance of how the urban space is arranged makes researchers pay careful attention to various aspects of the spatial organization of the city: distribution of infrastructure objects across the territory [16], the development of public transport [17], conditions for individual vehicles [18], as well as the ease of pedestrian travel [19,20]. At the same time, data about the arrangement of the urban space and its special features are often based not on regular statistical observations (which basically provide only a generalized description of the processes unfolding in the city without indicating what is happening with intracity territories), but survey findings [21], open source data from applications for itinerary organization and traffic conditions [22], expert assessments of the quality of certain accessibility factors for urban areas [23].…”