Passenger Exposure to Magnetic Fields in Electric Vehicles

Moreno‐Torres, Pablo; Lafoz, Marcos; Blanco, Marcos; Arribas, J. R.

doi:10.5772/64434

Cited by 11 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Regarding winding configuration, a three-phase winding characterized by 3 slots per pole per phase has been considered. In conclusion, the DClink voltage has been imposed equal to 720 V in accordance with typical values occurring and foreseeing for EVs [16], [17], as well as with HS-BLDC control needs.…”

Section: A Design Targetsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These occur due to the employment of a three-phase-on control approach [19], which guarantees enhanced performances in terms of both reduced torque ripple and Joule losses compared to conventional current commutation controls, as pointed out in [20]. Consequently, assuming inductive voltage drops to be about α times the back-emfs due to PM in accordance with (16) and that they occur on the quadrature axis, γ can be chosen in accordance with the following inequality: 1…”

Section: Electromagnetic Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Design of a High-Speed Ferrite-Based Brushless DC Machine for Electric Vehicles

Damiano

Floris

Fois

et al. 2017

IEEE Trans. on Ind. Applicat.

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In the present paper an analytic procedure for the preliminary design of a High-Speed ferrite-based Brushless DC Machine (HS-BLDC) has been proposed. In particular, a mechanical and electromagnetic modeling has been developed in order to take into account their mutual influence in the definition of the geometry of the electrical machine. In addition, suitable design targets have been imposed in accordance with electric vehicle application requirements. Hence, several mechanical and electromagnetic constraints have been introduced in order to comply with high-speed operation, preventing demagnetization issues of ferrite magnets as well. Subsequently, an HS-BLDC characterized by an inner rotor configuration has been designed in accordance with the proposed methodology. The analytical procedure and the corresponding results have been reported and validated by means of Finite Element Analyses (FEAs), highlighting the effectiveness of the proposed configuration and design solutions.

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Section: A Design Targetsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Electromagnetic Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design of a High-Speed Ferrite-Based Brushless DC Machine for Electric Vehicles

Damiano

Floris

Fois

et al. 2017

IEEE Trans. on Ind. Applicat.

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“…So, both the driver and passengers are exposed to the electromagnetic environment generated by the high-power devices when driving. According to statistical data, the average time spent driving for a member of the general public on weekdays is about 1-2 h [7]. In the context of pure electric vehicles, when the human body is exposed to the low-frequency electromagnetic field, the human body is affected due to Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction, and induced fields will form inside the human body.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Electromagnetic Exposure Level of a Pure Electric Vehicle Inverter Based on a Real Human Body

Dong,

Gao,

2023

Applied Sciences

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In order to quantitatively analyze the electromagnetic exposure dose of an inverter in a pure electric vehicle to the driver’s body and assess the safety of the electromagnetic exposure, based on a real human anatomy model in the virtual home project, a real human model with several organs and tissues, including muscles, bones, a heart, lungs, a liver, kidneys, a bladder, a skull, a scalp, white matter, and a cerebellum, was constructed. The inverter of a pure electric vehicle is considered to be the electromagnetic exposure source; for this study, an equivalent electromagnetic environment model composed of a real human body, an inverter, and a vehicle body was built. The distribution of induced fields in the driver’s tissues and organs was calculated and analyzed using the finite element method. The results show that the distribution of the magnetic flux density, induced electric field, and induced current density in the driver’s body was affected by the spatial distance of the inverter. The farther the distance was, the weaker the value was. Specifically, due to the different dielectric properties of the different tissues, the induced field in the different tissues was significantly different. However, the maximum magnetic flux density over the space occupied by the driver’s body and induced electric field in the driver’s trunk and central nervous system satisfied the exposure limits of the International Commission on Non-Ionization Radiation Protection, indicating that the electromagnetic environments generated by the inverter proposed in this paper are safe for the vehicle driver’s health. The numerical results of this study could also effectively supplement the study of the electromagnetic environments of pure electric vehicles and provide some references for protecting the drivers of pure electric vehicles from electromagnetic radiation.

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“…It is not uncommon to record an SMF of up to 2 mT inside the passenger cabin in trains [ 11 , 12 , 13 ]. Additionally, SMFs of up to 100 mT in certain accessible locations have been measured in production plants for aluminum, with an average of 10 mT in electrolytic processing plants [ 14 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In Vivo Analysis of Embryo Development and Behavioral Response of Medaka Fish under Static Magnetic Field Exposures

Sun

Leung

et al. 2019

IJERPH

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The static magnetic field (SMF) in human exposure has become a health risk concern, especially with respect to prolonged exposure. The International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP) has been considering cell or animal models to be adopted to estimate the possible human health impacts after such exposure. The medaka fish is a good animal model for human-related health assessment studies; this paper examines both the embryo development and behavioral responses in medaka fish in vivo to long-term SMF exposure at the mT level. SMF exposure was examined for the complete developmental period of embryos until hatched; the embryos were monitored and recorded every 24 h for different morphological abnormalities in their developmental stages. The behavioral response of adult fish was also examined by analyzing their swimming velocities and positioning as compared with that of the control group. It was observed that there were no impacts on embryo development under prolonged exposure up to about 100 mT while the swimming behavior of the adult fish under exposure was different to the control group—the swimming movement of the treated group was more static, with an average velocity of 24.6% less as observed over a 24-h duration.

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Passenger Exposure to Magnetic Fields in Electric Vehicles

Cited by 11 publications

References 39 publications

Design of a High-Speed Ferrite-Based Brushless DC Machine for Electric Vehicles

Design of a High-Speed Ferrite-Based Brushless DC Machine for Electric Vehicles

The Electromagnetic Exposure Level of a Pure Electric Vehicle Inverter Based on a Real Human Body

In Vivo Analysis of Embryo Development and Behavioral Response of Medaka Fish under Static Magnetic Field Exposures

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