Parvoviruses

Truyen, Uwe; Streck, André Felipe

doi:10.1002/9781119350927.ch38

Cited by 13 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 87 publications

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“…There are also a significant number of bacterial pathogens that may account for reproductive disorders [ 2 ]. The three viruses studied here, apart from PCV-3, are already well recognized as putative causative agents of reproductive disease [ 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 ], and the results obtained in the present studies reinforce [ 4 , 20 , 40 ] the potential of PCV-3 as a pathogen able to cause reproductive problems, as suggested elsewhere [ 4 , 20 , 40 ]. The present study did not aim at establishing potential bacteria causing reproductive disorders; however, no lesions compatible with bacterial infections were observed during histologic evaluation in the studied tissues of fetuses and stillborn piglets.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Porcine Circovirus 3 Detection in Aborted Fetuses and Stillborn Piglets from Swine Reproductive Failure Cases

Saporiti

Valls²,

Maldonado³

et al. 2021

Viruses

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Porcine circovirus 3 (PCV-3) has been widely detected in healthy and diseased pigs; among different pathologic conditions, the strongest evidence of association comes from reproductive disease cases. However, simple viral detection does not imply the causality of the clinical conditions. Detection of PCV-3 within lesions may provide stronger evidence of causality. Thus, this study aimed to assess the frequency of PCV-3 detection in tissues from fetuses/stillborn piglets in cases of reproductive problems in domestic swine, as well as the histopathologic assessment of fetal tissues. Fetuses or stillborn piglets from 53 cases of reproductive failure were collected and analyzed by PCV-3 qPCR. The presence of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV), porcine circovirus 2 (PCV-2), and porcine parvovirus 1 (PPV1) was also checked. PCV-3 qPCR positive samples with a high viral load were tested by PCV-3 in situ hybridization (ISH), sequenced, and phylogenetically analyzed. PCV-3 DNA was detected in 18/53 (33.9%) reproductive failure cases and in 16 of them PCV-3 was the only pathogen found. PCV-2 DNA was found in 5/53 (9.4%), PRRSV RNA in 4/53 (7.5%) and PPV1 was not detected. Four out of the six PCV-3 qPCR-positive cases with Ct value <30 were positive when tested by ISH. In these samples, PCV-3 was detected within mild histopathologic lesions, such as arteritis and periarteritis in multiple tissues. The present work emphasizes the need to include PCV-3 as a potential causative agent of reproductive failure in swine.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Porcine Circovirus 3 Detection in Aborted Fetuses and Stillborn Piglets from Swine Reproductive Failure Cases

Saporiti

Valls²,

Maldonado³

et al. 2021

Viruses

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“…Because PPV1 is prevalent in the pig population and highly stable in the environment, it gets difficult to establish and maintain breeding populations free of the virus. Consequently, a common goal in commercial herds is to maintain herd immunity against the virus by regular vaccination of breeding females [2]. While most commercial vaccines are based on chemical inactivation of tissue culture-derived virus adjuvanted with oil or aluminum hydroxide, several subunit vaccines have been described at the experimental level, with most based-on expression of the viral VP2 protein [2, 11, 13, 14].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Porcine parvovirus 1 (PPV1), recently designated as Ungulate parvovirus 1 [1], is one of the most important causes of reproductive failure in pigs worldwide and has implied serious economic losses in swine industries [2, 3]. Infection with PPV1 causes stillbirth, mummification of the fetus, embryonic death and infertility (termed SMEDI syndrome) and delayed return of estrus [2, 4]. Besides the virulence of the virus strain, the severity of the reproductive failure depends on the stage of gestation; PPV1 infection during the first half of pregnancy can lead to reproductive failure, whereas immunocompetent fetuses infected after day 70 of gestation usually survive the infection [5, 6, 7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Current commercially manufactured PPV1 vaccines consist of inactivated whole-virus particles adjuvanted with oil or aluminum hydroxide [2]. Although all licensed, these vaccines are based on PPV1 strains and technologies developed more than four decades ago [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A novel subunit vaccine based on the viral protein 2 of porcine parvovirus: safety profile in bred pigs at different stages of the reproduction cycle and in offspring

Garcia-Morante¹,

Noguera

Klocke

et al. 2019

Heliyon

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Porcine parvovirus 1 (PPV1) viral protein (VP) 2 is the primary antigen responsible for inducing specific protective immunity, so it is a desirable target for development of recombinant subunit vaccines to prevent PPV1 disease. The objective of this study was to evaluate repeated doses of a novel VP2-based PPV1 subunit vaccine, namely ReproCyc® ParvoFLEX, for safety in bred pigs and in offspring under experimental settings. Therefore, the investigation of safety at all breeding stages was evaluated in four independent studies involving: pre-breeding gilts (study A), breeding-age gilts and boars (study B), early and late gestating sows and offspring (study C) and lactating sows and offspring (study D). In all four studies, animals were free from PPV1 based on serology and PCR prior to inclusion. All studies comprised one or two vaccinated groups that received the PPV1 subunit vaccine and a negative control group. Thus, safety was established due to the lack of significant differences between the vaccinated groups and the corresponding unvaccinated (negative control) groups. Gilts, sows and boars were evaluated for local and systemic reactions after vaccination as well as for reproductive performance. The survival rate and average daily weight gain (ADWG) from birth to weaning in offspring was evaluated in studies C and D. Additionally, serology was determined in studies A, C and D. The vaccine was shown to be safe with no relevant significant differences between vaccinated and unvaccinated groups in any experiment. Therefore, repeated doses of ReproCyc® ParvoFLEX were safe in target animals at different stages of the reproductive cycle and in offspring, placing this vaccine as a suitable candidate for mass vaccination programs in breeding herds.

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Detection of porcine circovirus 2, porcine parvovirus 1, and torque teno sus virus k2a in wild boars from northeastern Patagonia, Argentina

et al. 2023

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Parvoviruses

Cited by 13 publications

References 87 publications

Porcine Circovirus 3 Detection in Aborted Fetuses and Stillborn Piglets from Swine Reproductive Failure Cases

Porcine Circovirus 3 Detection in Aborted Fetuses and Stillborn Piglets from Swine Reproductive Failure Cases

A novel subunit vaccine based on the viral protein 2 of porcine parvovirus: safety profile in bred pigs at different stages of the reproduction cycle and in offspring

Detection of porcine circovirus 2, porcine parvovirus 1, and torque teno sus virus k2a in wild boars from northeastern Patagonia, Argentina

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