Parvovirus 4 in Individuals with Severe Hemophilia A and Matched Control Group

Abstract

Background: Hemophilia is a well-known bleeding disorder with worldwide distribution. Replacement therapy, using plasma-derived or recombinant coagulation factors, comprises a gold standard regimen for the treatment. Regardless of the advancements made in viral inactivation methods in the production of plasma-derived coagulation factors, the possibility of transmission of new viral infections remained as a noticeable concern yet. The aim of the current study was to investigate the status of parvovirus 4 (PARV4) in severe hemophilia A, von Willebrand disease (vWD), and healthy control.
 Materials and Methods: In the current case-control study, 76 patients with hemophilia and vWD and 60 individuals from their family members entered the study. Nested PCR used to determine the presence of PARV4 in study subjects (76 cases). To characterize the PARV4 genotype, positive samples subjected to sequencing and phylogenetic analysis.
 Results: PARV4 genome detected in 11 (14.47%) patients with bleeding disorders. Among whom, nine patients (14.75%) were with severe hemophilia A and two (13.33%) patients with vWD. Only five healthy controls (8.33%) were positive for PARV4. All PARV4 sequences were found to be genotype 1.
 Conclusion: PARV4 infection in patients with hemophilia and vWD was higher than the control group. While detection of PARV4 DNA in patients with bleeding disorders may not necessarily reflect a clinical urgency, future investigations are needed to define the clinical significance of PARV4. It seems the detection of the virus immune signature of PARV4 infection, particularly in the context of acute and persistent infections, needs to focus on cellular and tissue targets.

Co-prevalence of Human Parvovirus 4 and Primate Erythroparvovirus 1 (B19) in Sickle Cell Disease and Healthy Populations

“…5 virus in healthy populations and no global or systematic analysis regarding the epidemiological association of this virus in any population. However, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected blood donors (9) and hemophilia A patients (23) have shown significantly higher susceptibility to P4 infection with 14.4% and 14.47% DNA prevalence, respectively. To the extent of our knowledge, these are the only studies predating our research to establish a statistically significant correlation between P4 infection and a clinical condition.…”