Partner, workplace, and stranger abuse during pregnancy in Germany

Stöckl, Heidi; Hertlein, Linda; Friese, Klaus; Stöckl, Doris

doi:10.1016/j.ijgo.2010.06.014

Cited by 9 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Study details have been described in detail elsewhere [6]. In brief, the survey was conducted among all adult women, who spoke sufficient German and who were patients in a maternity ward in a university hospital in Munich from 2007 until 2008.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A representative household survey in Germany found lifetime prevalence rates of physical or sexual intimate partner violence of 25 percent [5]. A maternity ward survey in Munich, Germany estimated a prevalence of intimate partner violence during pregnancy of two percent [6]. Health consequences of intimate partner violence are vast [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Health consequences of intimate partner violence are vast [7]. During pregnancy, intimate partner violence can impact the wellbeing of the mother and child, leading to fetal growth retardation, low birth weight, premature labour, anaemia and increased levels of depression [6,8,9]. These detrimental health effects have resulted in international discussions and recommendations that health care professionals should screen women for intimate partner violence during general health care visits [10,11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Acceptance of routine or case-based inquiry for intimate partner violence: a mixed method study

Stöckl

Hertlein

Himsl

et al. 2013

BMC Pregnancy Childbirth

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BackgroundThe prevalence and detrimental health effects of intimate partner violence have resulted in international discussions and recommendations that health care professionals should screen women for intimate partner violence during general and antenatal health care visits. Due to the lack of discussion on routine or case-based inquiry for intimate partner violence during antenatal care in Germany, this study seeks to explore its acceptability among pregnant German women.MethodsA mixed methods approach was used, utilizing a self-administered survey on the acceptability of routine or case-based inquiry for intimate partner violence in a university hospital’s maternity ward in Munich and in-depth interviews with seven women who experienced violence during pregnancy.ResultsOf the 401 women who participated in the survey, 92 percent were in favor of routine or case-based inquiry for intimate partner violence during antenatal care. Acceptance of routine or case-based inquiry for intimate partner violence during antenatal care was significantly associated with women’s experiences of child sexual abuse, being young, less educated, single or divorced and smoking during pregnancy. Open-ended survey questions and in-depth interviews stressed adequate training for screening, sufficient time and provision of referral information as important conditions for routine or case-based inquiry for intimate partner violence.ConclusionsWomen in this study showed an overwhelming support for routine or case-based screening for intimate partner violence in antenatal care in Germany. Until adequate training is in place to allow providers to inquire for intimate partner violence in a professional manner, this study recommends that health care providers are made aware of the prevalence and health consequences of violence during pregnancy.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Acceptance of routine or case-based inquiry for intimate partner violence: a mixed method study

Stöckl

Hertlein

Himsl

et al. 2013

BMC Pregnancy Childbirth

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“…We employed a purposive sampling strategy, recruiting women who participated in a survey in a German maternity ward (Stöckl et al 2010), via social service organisations and internet forums. The latter were mainly used to recruit women who experienced sexual or severe physical violence by their partner during pregnancy or women who reported that the violence ceased during pregnancy, because few women recruited from the other sources had these experiences.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Women's perceptions of how pregnancy influences the context of intimate partner violence in Germany

Stöckl

Gardner

2013

Culture, Health & Sexuality

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Intimate partner violence during pregnancy is receiving increased attention because of its high prevalence and health effects. Still, little is known about women's perceptions on how their pregnancy influences the context in which intimate partner violence occurs. We conducted 19 in-depth interviews with women who had experienced intimate partner violence around the time of pregnancy. Women clearly perceived pregnancy as a turning point, because it created new expectations and a feeling of being overwhelmed. This led to violence by reducing women's acceptance of their partner's unemployment, alcohol abuse and lack of relationship commitment, or by increasing women's vulnerability because they felt too young to raise a child alone. Pregnancy also led to violence by bringing back childhood memories or by taking attention away from their partners. Understanding how pregnancy influences the context in which intimate partner violence occurs is important to provide abused, pregnant women with the services they need.

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“…Insgesamt hatten 6,7 % mindestens eine Gewaltform in der Schwangerschaft erlebt. Wird psychische Gewalt nicht berücksichtigt, wurde Gewalt überwiegend vom Partner oder Ex-Partner ausgeübt, aber vergleichsweise seltener als in anderen Studien [ 11 ] . Auch hier ist eher von einer Unterschätzung auszugehen.…”

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Gewalterfahrungen in der Schwangerschaft: Prävalenzstudien in OECD-Ländern

Liepe

Blättner

2013

Gesundheitswesen

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Violence during pregnancy can be associated with health consequences for both the pregnant woman und the unborn child. The available data on prevalence are insufficient in Germany, an underestimation of the problem is probable. Therefore data from other OECD countries are considered. Searching in the databases EMBASE (incl. Medline), CINAHL, PsycINFO and SSCI in English or German language, primary and secondary studies from OECD countries published from 2004 to 2011 were identified. Studies without a valid instrument were excluded. 20 studies using 6 different, partially modified instruments were identified. In OECD countries the prevalence data vary, depending on the instrument applied and the design of the studies. The majority of the studies underestimate the prevalence of violence during pregnancy. Study results from OECD countries are in the analysed range of the reviews. The data collected in Germany are at the bottom of the spectrum. This suggests an underestimation of the problem in Germany. Further research is needed using more valid instruments and better study designs.

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Partner, workplace, and stranger abuse during pregnancy in Germany

Abstract: Psychological, physical, or sexual abuse during pregnancy was experienced by 1 in 15 women who attended a maternity ward in Munich and adversely affected maternal health outcomes.

Cited by 9 publications

References 21 publications

Acceptance of routine or case-based inquiry for intimate partner violence: a mixed method study

Acceptance of routine or case-based inquiry for intimate partner violence: a mixed method study

Women's perceptions of how pregnancy influences the context of intimate partner violence in Germany

Gewalterfahrungen in der Schwangerschaft: Prävalenzstudien in OECD-Ländern

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