Partitioning of deformation along an orogen and its effects on porphyroblast growth during orogenesis

Bell, T. H.; Ham, A.P.; Kim, H.S

doi:10.1016/j.jsg.2003.11.021

Cited by 49 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Where a single phase of staurolite growth occurred, only the foliations associated with the development of that one FIA are preserved. That is, partitioning of deformation through an outcrop at the scale of a porphyroblast is a controlling factor on determining sites of metamorphic reaction and whether it occurs (Bell et al 2004). …”

Section: Staurolite Forming Reactionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The problem, significance and implications for metamorphism of 60 million years of multiple phases of staurolite growth

Sanislav

Shah

2010

J Geol Soc India

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Microstructural measurements of FIAs in staurolite reveal at least 3 periods of growth in the Proterozoic Colorado Front Range and 5 in the Paleozoic Western Maine. Dated monazite inclusions in staurolite have an absolute age of 1760±12 Ma (FIA 1), 1720±7 Ma (FIA 2), 1682±18 Ma (FIA 3) in Colorado, and 408±10 Ma (FIA 2), 388±8 Ma (FIA 3), 372±6 Ma (FIA 4), 352±4 Ma (FIA 5) in Maine, supporting the multiple periods of deformation and metamorphism indicated by the FIA succession in each region. Multiple phases of growth by similar reactions in the same as well as in diverse adjacent rocks in both regions suggest that PT and X are not the only factors controlling the commencement and cessation of metamorphic reactions. The FIAs preserved by the staurolite porphyroblasts indicate that the local partitioning of deformation at the scale of a porphyroblast was the eventual controlling factor on whether or not the staurolite forming reactions took place.

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Section: Staurolite Forming Reactionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sketch illustrating the principle behind FIA measurement (afterBell et al 2004). (a) Shows the asymmetry on a series of differently-striking vertical sections.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The problem, significance and implications for metamorphism of 60 million years of multiple phases of staurolite growth

Sanislav

Shah

2010

J Geol Soc India

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“…The angle of 82° exists between convergent direction and plate boundary. Motion of Luonan-Luanchuan convergent belt is subduction and sinistral strike-slip, similar to the convergent mode of many orogenic belts in the world [13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47] .…”

Section: Analysis Of Convergence Factormentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Based on partitioning of structural deformation of the LLTB, we use macroscale and microscale structures to analyze convergent direction and mode, determine convergence factors [13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21] and formation time of the LLTB, and provide new evidence for a better understanding of accretion of the continent.…”

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confidence: 99%

The constraints of strain partitioning and geochronology in Luonan-Luanchuan tectonic belts on Qinling orogenic belt

Song

Zhang

Wang

et al. 2009

Sci. China Ser. D-Earth Sci.

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The Luonan-Luanchuan tectonic belt lies between the North China Block and QinlingMountains, including the Luonan-Luanchuan fault zone and the strong deformation zone to the north of the fault. The ductile shear zone, imbricate brittle fault and duplex structure in the fault zone now are the expression of the same tectonic event in different depth. Such lineation structure exists in the tectonic belts as mineral lineation, elongation lineation, crenulation lineation, sheath folds and so on, indicating NE-directed plate motion. Fold axes and thrusts in the strong deformation zone are inclined to the Luonan-Luanchuan fault zone at small angles. The structures with different natures show a regular pattern, produced during oblique convergence of plates. The convergence factors are as follows：The direction of plate convergence is 22°, 31° and the angle between the plate convergence direction and plate boundary is 73°, 82° respectively in the west and east segment. The Luonan-Luanchuan tectonic belt was deformed strongly in 372 Ma, resulted from Erlangping back-arc ocean basin subduction sinistrally and obliquely to North China Block during the collision of North China Block and South China Block.

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“…Accurate measurement of the foliation inflection/ intersection axes preserved within different porphyroblastic phases (FIAs) has made it possible to decode lengthy and complex histories of deformation and metamorphism in orogens around the world (e.g., Bell et al 2004). More than 10 years of research and data have already been published using this technique from tectonically complex regions around the world (e.g., Bell et al 1998Bell et al , 2003Bell et al , 2005Bell and Chen 2002;Cihan 2004;Kim and Bell 2005;Sayab 2005Sayab , 2006Bell and Bruce 2007;Sanislav 2010;Sanislav and Shah 2010;Ali 2010;Sanislav and Bell 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ninety million years of orogenesis, 250 million years of quiescence and further orogenesis with no change in PT: Significance for the role of deformation in porphyroblast growth

Shah

Bell

2012

J Earth Syst Sci

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In situ dating of monazite grains preserved as inclusions within foliations defining FIAs (foliation inflection/intersection axes preserved within porphyroblasts) contained within garnet, staurolite, andalusite and cordierite porphyroblasts provides a chronology of ages that matches the FIA succession for the Big Thompson region of the northern Colorado Rocky Mountains. FIA sets 1, 2 and 3 trending NE-SW, E-W and SE-NW were formed at 1760.5 ± 9.7, 1719.7 ± 6.4 and 1674 ± 11 Ma, respectively. For three samples where garnet first grew during just one of each of these FIAs, the intersection of Ca, Mg, and Fe isopleths in their cores indicate that these rocks never got above 4 kbars throughout the Colorado Orogeny. Furthermore, they remained around approximately the same depth for ∼250 million years to the onset of the younger Berthoud Orogeny at 1415 ± 16 Ma when the pressure decreased slightly as porphyroblasts formed with inclusion trails preserving FIA set 4 trending NNE-SSW. No porphyroblast growth occurred during the intervening ∼250 million years of quiescence, even though the PT did not change over this period. This confirms microstructural evidence gathered over the past 25 years that crenulation deformation at the scale of a porphyroblast is required for reactions to re-initiate and enable further growth.

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Partitioning of deformation along an orogen and its effects on porphyroblast growth during orogenesis

Cited by 49 publications

References 42 publications

The problem, significance and implications for metamorphism of 60 million years of multiple phases of staurolite growth

The problem, significance and implications for metamorphism of 60 million years of multiple phases of staurolite growth

The constraints of strain partitioning and geochronology in Luonan-Luanchuan tectonic belts on Qinling orogenic belt

Ninety million years of orogenesis, 250 million years of quiescence and further orogenesis with no change in PT: Significance for the role of deformation in porphyroblast growth

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