Partitioning and distribution of random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) variation among eggplant Solanum L. in Southwest Nigeria

Abstract

Solanum L., the largest genus of the Solanaceae family, vary morphologically, is diverse in number and is ecogeographically distributed. In Nigeria, previous studies had focused mainly on chromosome morphology, genome description and medicinal values, which are insufficient for genetic affinities. This study used four highly polymorphic random amplified polymorphic DNA primers to describe both the genetic relatedness and variability among 25 accessions of eggplant from Southwestern Nigeria. At a truncated line of 65%, five clusters and two ungrouped samples are distinguishable from the dendrogram. The data reveals that Solanum dasyphyllum Schum. & Thonn. is more closely related to Solanum macrocarpon L. than to Solanum melongena L. The relatedness between Solanum incanum L. and Solanum melongena, a probability of being progenitors from a common ancestral lineage was also shown. Occurrence of Solanum scabrum L. and Solanum nigrum L. in the same clusters different from S. melongena, is an indication of distant relatedness to S. melongena but close relatedness between them. High level of polymorphism was observed in this study going by the coefficient of variation which exhibited a good separation from a conserved region of the genome. This study, therefore, reveals a wide and diverse genetic base in Nigerian eggplant Solanum.

Partitioning of eggplant cultivars in north central Nigeria using gross vegetative and reproductive characters

“…On this note, the phylogenetic tree has revealed that the cultivars are separated into eight different species, though some are closely related along a common ancestral lineage while some appeared to be primitive progenitors showing a divergent relationship. This finding therefore agrees with reports of convergent and divergent relationships on eggplant accessions using molecular marker approach (Sifau et al, 2014;Aguoru et al, 2015b).…”

Molecular Characterization of Solanum Species (Solanum aethiopicum complex; Solanum macrocarpon and Solanum anguivi) Using Multiplex RAPD primers

“…For each PCR reaction mixture, one (1) washed FTA disc (contained the DNA template), 18µl of molecular water and 1µl of one specific primer pair were mixed in a PCR tube already containing a customized BIONEER ® Accupower PCR Premix to make a total of 20µl as the reaction volume. The PCR tubes were loaded on the thermal cycler and programmed with the appropriate temperature profile following the method of Sifau et al (2014). The amplified DNA sample in each tube was dispensed into an agarose gel pore inside an electrophoresis tank connected to Consort EV243 electrophoresis power supply.…”

“…This species is further grouped into different ecotypes which are; Aculeatum, Gilo, Kumba and Shum group as revealed by similarities in genotypic characterization though varied phenotypes exist (Sharmin et al, 2011). However, some authors have argued that the four groups in S.aethiopicum be treated as different species since they all display varied phenotypes and genotypes using a combination of molecular markers (Nunome et al, 2001;Sifau et al, 2014 ). Apart from the four species stated above, taxonomists have also identified and reported other Solanum species including S. incanum, S. scabrum, S. dasyphyllum and S. erianthum (Agnieszka et al, 2007;Osei et al, 2010;Knapp et al, 2013;Mariola et al, 2014;Sifau et al, 2014) while many species are yet to be identified, named and classified systematically (Agnieszka et al, 2007).…”

“…Holistically, few studies have been performed to determine the genetic diversity of eggplant using molecular markers. RAPD (Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA) marker was singly used by Nunome et al (2001); Demir et al (2010), Sharmin et al (2011) and Sifau et al (2014). Other markers that have so far been used singly or in combined forms include but not limited to the following: AFLP (Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism) (Mace et al, 1999); RAPD and AFLP (Nunome et al, 2001); SSR (Simple Sequence Repeats) (Nunome et al, 2003;Khorsheduzzaman et al, 2008;Stagel et al, 2008;Hurtado et al, 2012); SSR and RAPD (Demir et al, 2010) and ISSR (Inter Simple Sequence Repeats) (Isshiki et al, 2008;Mahmoud & El-Mansy, 2012).…”

“…The use of molecular markers in eggplant diversity studies has thrown green light into the taxonomic darkness of the crop. Generally, the detection of substantial level of polymorphism using RAPD has attracted the attention of plant taxonomists and plant breeders all over the world because of its simplicity and rapidity (Sifau et al, 2014). Molecular characterization of eggplant using marker approach is generally limited in Nigeria.…”