‘Parties in the Shadows’ –Do Small and Marginal Parties Cater to a Niche?

Bartels, Jan‐Eric; Remke, Max Leonard

doi:10.1080/09644008.2021.1913725

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…On the other hand, SMPs also serve an agenda-setting and legitimacy function as they introduce concepts that are not present in parliamentary parties, thereby effectively ensuring a choice T A B L E 1 Definitions of small and marginal parties. Source: Bartels and Remke (2021) between a plethora of alternatives (see Bartels & Remke, 2021, on the nicheness of SMPs). SMPs can also have a direct impact on election campaigns, as demonstrated by the temporary shutdown of a voting-advice application in the 2019 EP elections in Germany following a lawsuit from the (then) marginal party VOLT (Spiegel Online, 2019).…”

Section: Small and Marginal Parties (Smps)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Parliamentary seats serve as the defining criterion in these concepts, though there is no consensus as to which elections should be used to define the criteria. I follow the lead of Bartels and Remke (2021, pp. 3–4) and define SMPs as parties that do not hold a seat at the national (federal) level .…”

Section: Small and Marginal Parties (Smps)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Number of small and marginal parties and their vote share in European Parliament elections in ten European countries. Source: Bartels and Remke (2021). …”

Section: Small and Marginal Parties (Smps)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Are European Elections Second‐Order Elections for Everyone?

Bartels

2023

Swiss Political Sci Review

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Second‐order election (SOE) theory has been used to explain voting behaviour in European elections. Voters believe that less is at stake in some elections and some voters hence tend to cast a protest vote. However, most studies on the topic have focused on the demand side of SOEs – i.e. on the voters – and have ignored or only partially tackled the supply side – i.e. the strategic behaviour of parties – and excluded small and marginal parties (SMPs). However, SMPs may have greater incentive to seriously compete in SOEs. The 2019 European Parliament elections in Germany were particularly interesting to SMPs as there was no voting threshold, thereby increasing the chances of SMPs. To capture whether SMPs view European elections as first‐order elections and therefore expend more resources than parliamentary parties on these elections, I analysed campaign expenditures and manifestos. Results indicate that SMPs act within a rational actor framework, though not unequivocally.

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Section: Small and Marginal Parties (Smps)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Small and Marginal Parties (Smps)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Are European Elections Second‐Order Elections for Everyone?

Bartels

2023

Swiss Political Sci Review

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Parties with Limited Resources? On the Social Structure of the Membership of Small and Marginal Parties

Bartels,

Springer

2024

Representation

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Essence and Relevance of “Small” Parties: Problems of Conceptualisation

Lytvyn,

Romanyuk

2023

politickevedy

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The issues of “small” parties have been quite intensively and extensively studied in Political Science over the past few decades. However, researchers have not yet developed a consolidated position on what “small” parties are or are not. Hence, the objective of the present study was to assess and even question the essence, relevance and utility of distinguishing “small” parties. Given this, the article systematically overviewed, explored and synthesised the concept of “small” parties over the past half a century of Political Science development. It began with an examination of the historiography and research problems related to “small” parties, highlighting the various attempts to define them in different contexts. In this comprehensive analysis, the article distinguished several approaches (electoral, territorial, functional, ideological, organisational and strategic) for defining and understanding the essence of “small” parties. It also delved into the potential influence and relevance of “small” parties, including their functional, quantitative, dimensional, ideological and behavioural aspects, while acknowledging that “small” parties often appear to be irrelevant. Ultimately, the article questioned the categorical separation of “small” parties, recognising that the concept lacks a clear and unified definition in Political Science. Instead, it suggested that the analytical utility of this concept primarily serves electoral or comparative contexts. The study methodologically justified its approach through a systematic, critical and analytical review of the concept of “small” parties, drawing from other studies in the field. Consequently, the article contributed to a deeper understanding of the essence and relevance of “small” parties, as well as their limitations.

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‘Parties in the Shadows’ –Do Small and Marginal Parties Cater to a Niche?

Cited by 3 publications

References 54 publications

Are European Elections Second‐Order Elections for Everyone?

Are European Elections Second‐Order Elections for Everyone?

Parties with Limited Resources? On the Social Structure of the Membership of Small and Marginal Parties

Essence and Relevance of “Small” Parties: Problems of Conceptualisation

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