Particulate Suspensions as Contrast Media

Violante, Michael R.; Fischer, Harry W.

doi:10.1007/978-3-642-69515-5_14

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…There is evidence that larger particles are removed from the blood more quickly than smaller particles (22). Figure 6 shows the same coronal slice of a normal rat before and after administration of 90-nm coated magnetite.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Sodium MRI with coated magnetite: Measurement of extravascular lung water in rats

Lancaster

Bogdan

Kundel

et al. 1991

Magnetic Resonance in Med

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This study was done to see if signal intensity in sodium images of edematous rat lungs made after iv administration of a negative intravascular contrast agent could serve as a measure of the edema fluid present. First, a method to produce a stable condition of hydrostatic pulmonary edema was developed and verified by CT. Second, dose-response curves for coated magnetite preparations were constructed by giving edematous rats varied doses of these preparations and measuring signal intensity changes of various organs by sodium MRI in a 31-cm-bore 1.9-T magnet. Third, rats were given varied levels of pulmonary edema followed by a constant dose of coated magnetite to eliminate the plasma sodium signal. Finally, coated magnetite particles of two sizes were administered to rats, and the differences in effects on signal from various organs were measured. Signal intensity of the lungs after magnetite correlated (r = 0.86) with extravascular lung water measured gravimetrically, suggesting that sodium MRI may be useful for measuring pulmonary edema fluid. Smaller particles appear to remain in the blood longer than larger particles.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Sodium MRI with coated magnetite: Measurement of extravascular lung water in rats

Lancaster

Bogdan

Kundel

et al. 1991

Magnetic Resonance in Med

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“…The increase in hepatic attenuation by using CTP Considering the distribution of RES-directed contrast agents in various organs, larger particles accumulate rapidly in the liver and the spleen while smaller ones are cleared more slowly and accumulate to a larger extent in the bone marrow [16]. According to the results in the present trial, CTP is considered to consist of larger particles because the uptake is fast and the percentage taken up by the liver and spleen was calculated to be 67 % at a dose of 30 mg encapsulated I/kg bw.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A new liposomal liver-specific contrast agent for CT: first human phase-I clinical trial assessing efficacy and safety

Leander¹,

Höglund

Børseth³

et al. 2001

European Radiology

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In this first clinical trial liposome-encapsulated iodixanol, CT particles (CTP) were studied. The aims of the present trial were to assess the efficacy of CTP in CT and to determine the safety of different doses of CTP. A total of 47 healthy volunteers were enrolled in the present study. The CTP was administered at doses 10, 30, 70 and 100 mg encapsulated I/kg bw. Efficacy was assessed using single-slice CT of the abdomen and evaluated by dose-response attenuation curves over time in liver, spleen, and abdominal vessels. Safety was assessed by blood tests, clinical examinations and recording of subjective adverse events (AE). The attenuations in liver tissue increased with the dose and maximal values above baseline were 20, 39 and 45 HU at the doses 30, 70 and 100 mg encapsulated I/kg bw, respectively. Maximal increases were seen 12.5 min after contrast administration. As for liver, the attenuations in spleen increased with the dose, but higher attenuations were obtained. In early images clinically significant enhancement was seen in abdominal vessels. Mild and moderate subjective AE were encountered at the doses 70 and 100 mg encapsulated I/kg bw. The CTP is efficacious in enhancing hepatic and splenic tissues and in early imaging of abdominal vessels. Adverse event precludes a clinical use of CTP in the current formulation.

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“…The surfaces of particulate CM elicit reactions with various components and activate mechanisms such as the complement and fibrinolytic systems (23). Besides causing side-effects, such reactions are essential for the uptake of the foreign material/ particulate CM in the RES.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A New Liposomal Contrast Medium for CT of the Liver

Leander¹

1996

Acta Radiol

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A new type of liposomal liver-specific contrast medium was studied in an experimental tumour model. Rabbits were inoculated with VX2-carcinoma directly into the liver at laparotomy. CT studies were carried out 14 days after inoculation. The liverspecific contrast medium consisted of a suspension of liposomes in a 100 mg I/ml iodixanol solution, with equal amounts of encapsulated and nonencapsulated iodixanol. It was administered at a dose of 200 mg Ukg. The contrast of normal liver tissue to tumorous tissue was significantly increased by contrast medium administration. the increase being largest 10 min after injection.

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Particulate Suspensions as Contrast Media

Cited by 6 publications

References 65 publications

Sodium MRI with coated magnetite: Measurement of extravascular lung water in rats

Sodium MRI with coated magnetite: Measurement of extravascular lung water in rats

A new liposomal liver-specific contrast agent for CT: first human phase-I clinical trial assessing efficacy and safety

A New Liposomal Contrast Medium for CT of the Liver

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