Particulate products—their manufacture and use

Effect of fat content on the dissolution enthalpy and kinetics of a model food powder

“…The granule size and size distribution, pore structure, relative solubility of the individual components, phase chemistry of the interaction with solution, wicking of liquid into the powder matrix, and the granule surface chemistry are some of the most relevant factors that should be considered (Edwards & Instone, 2001). For instance, the presence of fat on food powders renders the surface hydrophobic, with a large contact angle between the powder and the liquid, and is often considered as a cause leading to poor wettability of the powder, slow dissolution kinetics and the presence of insoluble material in the reconstituted products (Kim, Chen, & Pearce, 2002;Lillford & Fryer, 1998).…”

The Environmental Impact of Engineered Nanomaterials

“…Nanoparticles have already been incorporated into personal care products such as sunscreens and cosmetics, where their small size confers benefits such as transparency and increased performance. [9][10][11] Detailed information on particle size and information is difficult to obtain since the product formulations are considered proprietary by most companies. In 1999, the US Food and Drug Administration considered two petitions regarding the regulation of nanoscopic or "micronized" titania in personal care products.…”

Entrapping of Fullerenes, Nanotubes, and Inorganic Nanoparticles by a DNA–Chitosan Complex: A Method for Nanomaterials Removal

“…During the past decade, developing of nanotechnologies and nanomaterials brought a great number of scientific advantages in almost every area of human life because of their superior properties in comparison to the materials of common scale. Caused by recent growth of nanomaterials’ production and broadening of their applications, environmental impacts of the nanomaterials are being increasingly concerned. − Small nanometer size of the nanomaterials plays an important role in their increased mobility through water and soil and bioaccumulation. , On the other hand, nanosized materials can be inhaled, ingested, absorbed through skin by living organisms, and being carried by body liquids, they can easily reach living cells, penetrate through a cell membrane, and induce cell damage. At the molecular level, light-activated nanomaterials may cause significant damage of important biological molecules, such as DNA − and proteins. , Therefore, certain types of nanomaterials may represent obvious environmental and health risk in a coming future. , …”

“…During the past decade, developing of nanotechnologies and nanomaterials brought a great number of scientific advantages in almost every area of human life because of their superior properties in comparison to the materials of common scale. Caused by recent growth of nanomaterials' production and broadening of their applications, 1 environmental impacts of the nanomaterials are being increasingly concerned. 2−6 Small nanometer size of the nanomaterials plays an important role in their increased mobility through water and soil 7 and bioaccumulation.…”