Particulate Organic Carbon in the Tropical Usumacinta River, Southeast Mexico: Concentration, Flux, and Sources

Cuevas-Lara, Daniel; Alcocer, Javier; Cortés‐Guzmán, Daniela; Soria-Reinoso, Ismael; García‐Oliva, Felipe; Sánchez-Carrillo, Salvador; Oseguera, Luis A.

doi:10.3390/w13111561

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 76 publications

(121 reference statements)

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“…Lower nitrate‐N concentrations in floodplain lakes than in the Usumacinta mainstem has been documented in previous studies, suggesting nitrogen removal in the floodplain (Castillo, 2020). Similarly, organic carbon retention have been evidenced for the Lower Usumacinta, estimating that 20% of the particulate organic carbon is retained downstream from Site 6 (Cuevas‐Lara et al, 2021). Thus, a portion of the nitrogen and phosphorus transported by the Usumacinta at Site 6 likely is being retained in the river floodplain.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Transport of nutrients into the southern Gulf of Mexico by the Grijalva–Usumacinta rivers

Castillo-Uzcanga

Carrillo

Jarquín-Sánchez

et al. 2023

Hydrological Processes

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Nutrient transport by rivers strongly influences ecosystem productivity and hypoxia zone formation in coastal areas. In this study, we estimated the transport of nitrogen and phosphorus by the Grijalva and Usumacinta rivers that combined represent the second largest source of fresh water into the Gulf of Mexico. Water samples were collected monthly within an annual cycle at different sites (mainstem and tributaries) in the Lower Grijalva and Usumacinta basins to encompass the seasonal variation in discharge. Nitrogen (total nitrogen, nitrate-N, ammonium-N, and nitrite-N), phosphorus (total phosphorus, soluble reactive phosphorus), and chlorophyll concentrations were determined, and annual loads estimated using the Beale ratio approach. Nutrient and chlorophyll concentrations were greater in the Grijalva than in the Usumacinta River. Stronger seasonal patterns in nutrient concentrations and discharge were identified in the Usumacinta, evincing the flow regulation experimented by the Grijalva. In the Grijalva, higher nutrient concentrations were measured at the De la Sierra and Pichucalco rivers, compared to the regulated Carrizal. TN:TP ratios were greater during the dry season in both rivers, and higher TN:TP occurred in the Usumacinta than in the Grijalva.The Usumacinta showed greater nutrient loads (nitrogen, 26790.6 Â 10 3 kg year À1 ; phosphorus, 3056.9 Â 10 3 kg year À1 ) than the Grijalva (nitrogen 19974.7 Â 10 3 kg year À1 ; phosphorus, 1941.8 Â 10 3 kg year À1 ). However, the Grijalva River showed higher soluble reactive phosphorus and ammonium-N loads and yields than the Usumacinta, likely explained by greater delivery of urban wastewater in the lower Grijalva Basin. The Grijalva-Usumacinta represents an important source of nitrogen compared to other rivers draining into the Gulf of Mexico, even though more disturbed rivers can exceed the phosphorus load. This study can contribute to the modelling of nutrient delivery into the Gulf of Mexico and to better understand the influence of tropical rivers in the formation of coastal hypoxia.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Transport of nutrients into the southern Gulf of Mexico by the Grijalva–Usumacinta rivers

Castillo-Uzcanga

Carrillo

Jarquín-Sánchez

et al. 2023

Hydrological Processes

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“…En otros momentos de alto caudal exportaron menos posiblemente por el agotamiento de dichos reservorios. En general, la condición exportadora de las cuencas en estudio tiene implicaciones importantes para ríos de mayor tamaño por la cantidad de carbono que se moviliza a través del transporte del material (Bunte et al, 2016;Cuevas-Lara et al, 2021;Turowski et al, 2016).…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

Efecto de la deforestación ribereña sobre la materia orgánica particulada gruesa en quebradas con influencia ganadera de la región Andina de Colombia

et al. 2022

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Introduction: Coarse particulate organic matter originated in riparian vegetation is the main source of energy in many headwater streams. However, the transfer of such material is altered by the destruction of forests. Objective: To assess flow differences of this organic matter in streams with forests and grasslands. Methods: We compared input, storage and export of this organic matter in the riparian belts of streams with forests, and streams with grasslands, in the central Andean region of Colombia. For each stream, we measured vertical and lateral litter with baskets; stream bed litter with a quadrant, and matter export with drift nets, in a 100 m reach. Results: The streams with riparian forest received an average of 915 g m-2 of coarse particulate organic matter annually, exported a total of 334 g m-3 and stored 732 g m-2, values that were significantly higher than in grassland streams, where the corresponding values were: 125.4 g m-2; 128 g m-3 and 205.5 g m-2. Conclusions: The removal of tree cover from the riparian zone reduced the organic matter in these headwater streams of Colombia.

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Particulate organic carbon in the deep-water region of the Gulf of Mexico

Contreras-Pacheco

Herzka²,

Vallejo-Espinosa³

et al. 2023

Front. Mar. Sci.

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Ocean eddies play a major role in lateral and vertical mixing processes of particulate organic carbon (POC), as well as in the transport of heat, salinity, and biogeochemical tracers. In the open waters of the Gulf of Mexico (GoM), however, there are limited observations to characterize how these mesoscale structures affect the spatial distribution of POC in the upper water column, which is important for organic matter cycling and export. We present the distribution patterns of POC relative to mesoscale features throughout the water column in the deep-water region of the GoM during three oceanographic cruises held during the summer months of 2015, 2016, and 2017. Samples were collected under well-stratified upper ocean conditions, which allowed us to assess the spatial and temporal distribution of POC as a function of non-steric sea surface height, density, apparent oxygen utilization, and chlorophyll fluorescence. We further explored the variability of integrated surface layer POC concentrations at stations located within the cores and the edges of cyclonic and anticyclonic eddies, and those collected outside these structures. Although our results indicate mesoscale eddies modulate several important physical and biogeochemical variables and POC concentrations in the upper ocean, these features do not fully explain the spatial distribution of POC concentrations throughout the deep-water region of the GoM. Relatively lower POC concentrations were observed in the border of the cyclonic and the center of the anticyclonic eddies, in contrast to the relatively higher POC concentrations at the center of the cyclonic and the border of anticyclonic eddies. We observed high variability in POC concentration variability outside mesoscale structures, which may be attributed to other processes such as upwelling over the shelves, and the contribution by rivers during the summer especially in the northern and southern GoM.

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Particulate Organic Carbon in the Tropical Usumacinta River, Southeast Mexico: Concentration, Flux, and Sources

Cited by 5 publications

References 76 publications

Transport of nutrients into the southern Gulf of Mexico by the Grijalva–Usumacinta rivers

Transport of nutrients into the southern Gulf of Mexico by the Grijalva–Usumacinta rivers

Efecto de la deforestación ribereña sobre la materia orgánica particulada gruesa en quebradas con influencia ganadera de la región Andina de Colombia

Particulate organic carbon in the deep-water region of the Gulf of Mexico

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