Particulate matter pollution in the megacities of the Pearl River Delta, China – A systematic literature review and health risk assessment

Jahn, Heiko J.; Schneider, Alexandra; Breitner, Susanne; Eissner, Romy; Wendisch, Manfred; Krämer, Alexander

doi:10.1016/j.ijheh.2011.05.008

Cited by 63 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 67 publications

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“…Aerosol particles have many disadvantageous impacts on the global climate, atmospheric environment and even human health (Shine et al, 1999;Polichetti et al, 2009;Jahn et al, 2011), although there is still some uncertainty and complexity about them. Recently, fine particles (PM 2.5 ) have received much more attention than coarse particle (PM 10 ) (Yang et al, 2005;Feng et al, 2007;Li et al, 2008;Li et al, 2009), as fine particles can travel more deeply into the human lungs, reaching the alveolar region of the respiratory system.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Water-soluble Ions in PM2.5 on the Qianhu Campus of Nanchang University, Nanchang City: Indoor-Outdoor Distribution and Source Implications

Huang

Zou

Cao

et al. 2012

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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Ambient PM 2.5 was sampled in three indoor environments (a common office, a photocopy room and a student dormitory) and one outdoor environment (a rooftop) on a campus of Nanchang University in Nanchang city, China, on June 5-20, 2009. Analysis by ion chromatograph showed the indoor-outdoor differences and relationships of water-soluble ions. The indooroutdoor distributions indicated that chemicals and household garbage contributed most to the generation of water-soluble ions indoors. The indoor-outdoor relationships of water-soluble ions in PM 2.5 in the common office and student dormitory were unrelated or weak, which indicated that the ions were produced indoors rather than carried in from outdoors. Correlations between various water-soluble ions in indoor and outdoor PM 2.5 are discussed here, and it is suggested that the photocopier machine contributed little to the water-soluble ions indoors. Ion balance calculations indicated that the anions and cations in the photocopy room and outdoor environment shared an origin, but part of the anions and cations in the common office room and student dormitory originated indoors. The linear regression slopes (anion/cation) are all lower than 1, with the anion deficits probably affected by the absence of data on F

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Water-soluble Ions in PM2.5 on the Qianhu Campus of Nanchang University, Nanchang City: Indoor-Outdoor Distribution and Source Implications

Huang

Zou

Cao

et al. 2012

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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“…Although positive associations between PM 2.5 exposures and human health effects have generally been reported, the magnitudes of associations in different geographic locations can vary between locations (Jahn et al, 2011). Variation in chemical components of PM 2.5 , such as organic carbon (OC), elemental carbon (EC), and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) have been proposed as the links to different adverse human health outcomes (Kim et al, 2013;Baumgartner et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationships between Outdoor and Personal Exposure of Carbonaceous Species and Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Fine Particulate Matter (PM2.5) at Hong Kong

Fan

Chen

Lui

et al. 2017

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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Personal and ambient fine particulate matter (PM 2.5 ) samples were simultaneously collected at Hong Kong during winter in 2014. Mass concentration, organic carbon (OC), elemental carbon (EC), and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) relationships were analyzed. The correlations of personal and ambient concentrations of PM 2.5 , OC, and EC indicated the ambient concentrations were the factors showing influences on the personal exposures. Personal to ambient (P/A) ratios in PM 2.5 , OC, and EC were all > 1, suggesting influences between indoor sources and/or personal activities. Significant higher ambient ΣPAHs concentrations with P/A ratios were nevertheless < 1. The Σ15 U.S. EPA priority PAHs accounted for 50.6% and 70.8% of ΣPAHs in personal and ambient samples, respectively. The ratios of indicator compounds confirmed the origin of PAHs in personal PM 2.5 , which were found to be associated predominantly with traffic emissions and the influence by the indoor sources.

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“…Airborne particulate matter represents the most important ambient air pollutant group, since it plays a major role in acidifi cation of precipitation, earth's radiation balance, climatic change, human health, agricultural, ecosystems, material, and cultural heritage [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10]. It can also cause coughing, wheezing, shortness of breath, acute respiratory infections, chronic respiratory, aggravated asthma, lung damage, and cancer and cardiovascular diseases, leading to increased mortality [11][12][13][14][15][16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It can also cause coughing, wheezing, shortness of breath, acute respiratory infections, chronic respiratory, aggravated asthma, lung damage, and cancer and cardiovascular diseases, leading to increased mortality [11][12][13][14][15][16]. PM 10 (particulate matter ≤ 10 μm in aerodynamic diameter) is of particular concern to human health as it is in the inhalable size range.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics and Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Airborne PM10 from a Residential Area of Northern Jeddah City, Saudi Arabia

Alghamdi¹

2016

Pol. J. Environ. Stud.

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This study was carried out in order to investigate the seasonal distribution of PM 10 and its heavy metals contents in the atmosphere of a residential area of northern Jeddah during 2011-12. Potential health risk assessment for heavy metals exposure was assessed. The concentrations of 15 elements, including Al, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ga, As, Sr, Cd, and Pb in PM 10 were determined using x-ray fl uorescence. The annual average concentration of PM 10 (65 μg/m 3 ) was much higher than the WHO standard for PM 10 (20 μg/m 3 ). Concerning the frequency distribution of 24-h concentration of PM 10 , about 29%, 20%, 86%, 71%, and 54% of the mean 24-h concentration of PM 10 during summer, autumn, winter, spring, and the whole year, respectively, exceeded the WHO air quality standards for maximum 24-h concentration. Dust storm events are the main reason for the highest PM 10 concentrations in winter and spring. The sum of metal concentrations in PM 10 was 4,327 ng/m 3 , representing 6.66% from particulate mass during the period of study. Fe and Al were the dominant metals, followed by Ti, Mn, Cd, Zn, Sr, V, Cu, Pb, Ni, Co, Cr, As, and Ga. The sum of metal concentrations was found to be higher in winter followed by spring, summer, and autumn. The annual Ni and Cd levels in PM 10 were higher than the proposed WHO, U.S. EPA, and the European Community standards. The enrichment factors (EFs) values and non-crustal fractions indicate that Cd, As, Pb, Zn, Co, V, and Cu are mainly emitted in the atmosphere of the study area from anthropogenic sources. Based on the average values of As, Cd, Cr, and Ni in PM 10 , Cd was found to have the highest excess cancer risk. Total ECR resulting from exposure of these carcinogenic metals through inhalation pathways was 108.77. These results indicate that 108.77 people out of 1 million are at risk of developing cancer after exposure to the carcinogenic trace metals in ambient airborne PM 10 from a residential area of northern Jeddah.

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Particulate matter pollution in the megacities of the Pearl River Delta, China – A systematic literature review and health risk assessment

Cited by 63 publications

References 67 publications

Water-soluble Ions in PM2.5 on the Qianhu Campus of Nanchang University, Nanchang City: Indoor-Outdoor Distribution and Source Implications

Water-soluble Ions in PM2.5 on the Qianhu Campus of Nanchang University, Nanchang City: Indoor-Outdoor Distribution and Source Implications

Relationships between Outdoor and Personal Exposure of Carbonaceous Species and Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Fine Particulate Matter (PM2.5) at Hong Kong

Characteristics and Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Airborne PM10 from a Residential Area of Northern Jeddah City, Saudi Arabia

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