Particulate Fillers in Thermoplastics

Móczó, János; Pukánszky, Béla

doi:10.1007/978-3-642-37179-0_7-1

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 197 publications

(169 reference statements)

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“…In addition, the stiffness of the composite could be attributed to the stiffness of the PPeel filler itself. Based on the weak interactions between the PPeel filler and the PLA matrix, PPeel particles may be easily debonded from the PLA matrix during tensile testing, and therefore did not contribute to an increase in elongation modulus [76]. These results correspond with results found for algae/PLA and buckwheat husk/PLA composites, for which stiffness increased with increasing particle size as well [40,41].…”

Section: Tensile Propertiessupporting

confidence: 83%

“…Decreasing ductility upon filler incorporation and with increasing particle size could be explained by particle debonding due to weak interactions or even repulsion between filler and polymer matrix compared to high attractive interactions within the polymer matrix. Increasing particle size has been reported to cause premature failure, due to easier particle debonding, decreasing specimens cross-sectional area that is able to carry the load [76]. The decrease in composite ductility with increasing particle size could also be attributed to chain movement hindrance when composite deformation occurred, resulting in an increasing brittleness with increasing particle size [75].…”

Section: Tensile Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of Particle Size on the Physical Properties of PLA/Potato Peel Composites

Miller,

Reichert,

Loeffler

et al. 2024

Compounds

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In recent years, agricultural by-product fillers have been investigated in composites to influence the physical properties of the packaging material, increase biodegradability, and reduce costs. In general, the properties of composites are mainly influenced by the type, amount, and size of fillers. The aim of this study was to characterize potato peel particles as a filler in a poly(lactic acid) (PLA) matrix and to determine the effect of particle size on the physical properties of the composite. Therefore, different fractions of potato peel powder (0–53 μm, 125–250 μm, and 315–500 μm) were incorporated into PLA matrix via compounding and injection-molding. Microscopic analysis of the injection-molded samples revealed that the average particle shape did not differ between the different fractions. Overall, increasing the particle size of potato peel particles resulted in increased stiffness and decreased ductility. The cold crystallization temperature and water vapor transmission rate of the composites were independent of particle size but increased upon the incorporation of potato peel particles. In conclusion, the effect of particle incorporation on packaging-related properties was higher than the effect of using different particle size fractions. This means that potato peel particles, regardless of their particle size distribution, are promising fillers for composites, with the potential to improve biodegradability, maintain some level of protection for the packaged product, and reduce the cost of the composites.

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Section: Tensile Propertiessupporting

confidence: 83%

Section: Tensile Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Particle Size on the Physical Properties of PLA/Potato Peel Composites

Miller,

Reichert,

Loeffler

et al. 2024

Compounds

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“…This may be due to the larger particles acting as stress point concentrations and are easily debonded from the matrix which may create significant voids resulting to a higher probability of failure due to cracks and fracture propagation [139]. Meanwhile, with decreasing particle size, the possibility of chain agglomeration of fillers increases which leads to inadequate homogeneity, rigidity, and low impact strength as concentration variation of particles within the matrix act as crack initiation sites [144]. Agglomeration can be addressed chemically [139] which will be discussed in the next property.…”

Section: Particle Sizementioning

confidence: 99%

“…[150] The occurrence and extent of this phenomenon in polymer matrix is governed by the relative magnitude of the particle-particle forces attributed by their size and surface energy. [144] Particulate-filled polymers are usually produced via melt mixing, as for FDM via melt extrusion of the components of which both particle-particle and Consequently, to reduce particle-particle attraction leading to agglomeration, fillers can be treated to modify its surface charge. [151]…”

Section: Particle Sizementioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Functional Fillers in the Mechanical Properties of 3d-Printed Polylactic Acid Using Fused Deposition Modelling

Miparanum

Albar

Abando

2022

Preprint

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Polylactic acid (PLA) has increasingly attracted research in various industrial fields due to its great biocompatibility and sustainability over other thermoplastics, which are widely used as filament feedstock in 3D-printing technology, specifically in Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM). Despite PLA being suitable in FDM processing, it has limitations in applications that need plastic deformation at high-stress levels due to its low strength and ductility. For this purpose, this review article discusses the existing studies that involve the incorporation of fillers in 3D-printed polylactic acid to maximize its functionality, which is non-attainable by the pure filament material alone. An overview of polylactic acid in FDM and the properties and effects of functional fillers of different types are presented. Finally, a complete table of which functional fillers are categorized (carbonaceous, metallic, ceramic and glassy, plant-based, and mineral) summarizes the reported comparison of 3D-printed pure PLA and the composite, scoping to reveal the mechanical modifications of each filler.

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“…Applications of particle-loaded polymers are as numerous as the different types of materials mentioned above [9]. Examples can be found in the design of high damping materials [10], in the construction industry and in the fabrication of precision machine tools [5], in the fabrication of electronic components for encapsulation and EMI shielding [11] and in aerospace applications or for automobiles, ships, and different electronic devices (where these composites are used to improve brittleness and impact strength of epoxy resins [3]).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Micronized Recycle Rubber Particles Modified Multifunctional Polymer Composites: Application to Ultrasonic Materials Engineering

et al. 2022

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There is a growing interest in multifunctional composites and in the identification of novel applications for recycled materials. In this work, the design and fabrication of multiple particle-loaded polymer composites, including micronized rubber from end-of-life tires, is studied. The integration of these composites as part of ultrasonic transducers can further expand the functionality of the piezoelectric material in the transducer in terms of sensitivity, bandwidth, ringing and axial resolution and help to facilitate the fabrication and use of phantoms for echography. The adopted approach is a multiphase and multiscale one, based on a polymeric matrix with a load of recycled rubber and tungsten powders. A fabrication procedure, compatible with transducer manufacturing, is proposed and successfully used. We also proposed a modelling approach to calculate the complex elastic modulus, the ultrasonic damping and to evaluate the relative influence of particle scattering. It is concluded that it is possible to obtain materials with acoustic impedance in the range 2.35–15.6 MRayl, ultrasound velocity in the range 790–2570 m/s, attenuation at 3 MHz, from 0.96 up to 27 dB/mm with a variation of the attenuation with the frequency following a power law with exponent in the range 1.2–3.2. These ranges of values permit us to obtain most of the material properties demanded in ultrasonic engineering.

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Particulate Fillers in Thermoplastics

Cited by 5 publications

References 197 publications

Effect of Particle Size on the Physical Properties of PLA/Potato Peel Composites

Effect of Particle Size on the Physical Properties of PLA/Potato Peel Composites

Effects of Functional Fillers in the Mechanical Properties of 3d-Printed Polylactic Acid Using Fused Deposition Modelling

Micronized Recycle Rubber Particles Modified Multifunctional Polymer Composites: Application to Ultrasonic Materials Engineering

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