Particularities of the interstitial atoms and vacancies clusters formation in a thin cadmium telluride foil during in situ electron irradiation in a TEM

Loginov, Yu. Yu.; Мозжерин, А. В.; Paklin, N. N.

doi:10.1088/1757-899x/1230/1/012013

IOP Conf. Ser.: Mater. Sci. Eng.

2022

DOI: 10.1088/1757-899x/1230/1/012013

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Particularities of the interstitial atoms and vacancies clusters formation in a thin cadmium telluride foil during in situ electron irradiation in a TEM

Yu. Yu. Loginov

А. В. Мозжерин

N. N. Paklin

Abstract: The formation of interstitial atoms and vacancies, as well as their clusters in the form of dislocation loops and voids in CdTe is simulated. The sizes and features of the growth of dislocation loops and voids were determined depending on the irradiation time, taking into account the decrease in the number of nodes of the semiconductor crystal lattice with the irradiation time, since in experiments we studied a thin CdTe foil in a transmission electron microscope (TEM). The calculated and experimental data are… Show more

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2023

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“…1), представленной преимущественно ростовыми дислокациями. В отдельных случаях, при наличии в атмосфере кадмия или других веществ появляются преципитаты с трансформацией дислокаций в дислокационные петли или дефекты упаковки [3,[6][7].…”

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Thermal Stability of Cadmium Telluride in Infrared Detectors for Monitoring Fire Conditions

Mozzherin,

Paklin

2023

Safety of Technogenic and Natural Systems

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Introduction. Thermal effect of fire on technical means is a common and serious problem. In this regard, it seems an urgent task to study physicochemical and thermal transformations in devices based on cadmium telluride during man-made or natural fires. For a number of materials, such studies have not been conducted, and the available results are insufficient or narrowly focused. The proposed article presents new data on the defect resistance and applicability of the material depending on the thermal effect. The work objective is to study the features of degradation under the influence of extreme temperatures to create new materials with specified properties.Materials and Methods. Cadmium telluride (CdTe) samples used in solar panels and detectors were studied. In the practical part of the work, the thermal effect on the sample of normal and extreme temperatures was evaluated, followed by the study of the material by transmission electron microscopy methods. The experiments simulated a zone of thermal impact of a fire. The computational and theoretical work consisted in improving the mathematical model of physical and chemical transformations and the evolution of defects under thermal influence up to 1092 °C. The mathematical model took into account the heat dose characteristic of uncontrolled combustion. The Maple software package was used to solve the equations.Results. The formation of defects in a CdTe sample at significantly different levels of thermal exposure was visualized. The lower limit was about 20 °С, the upper one was more than 600 °С. Transformations in CdTe control samples under the influence of temperatures up to 1092 °С with a step of 15 °С were worked out in detail. Point defects caused by the influence of temperature were presented as a factor of destruction of the material, and consequently, failures in the operation of the device. A system of equations was solved that takes into account a set of parameters: the frequency of vibrations of atoms in the lattice, temperature, concentrations of CdTe nodes, interstitial atoms and vacancies, migration and attachment of interstitial atoms and vacancies. The concentrations of vacancies and interstitial atoms in CdTe samples depending on thickness and temperature were graphically presented. The results of scientific research allowed us to assert that CdTe-based detectors worked relatively correctly only at a heat dose of up to 400 °С. In the ranges of 400-600 °С, the defective network of the material actively evolved, preventing destruction. However, a further increase in thermal exposure led to complete degradation of the equipment, which did not allow the use of cadmium telluride in extreme conditions, even for a short time.Discussion and Conclusion. The proposed improved model of physical and chemical transformations in CdTe-based devices in heat-affected areas will allow a more selective approach to the use of equipment. In addition, it is necessary to improve materials and increase their resistance to extreme temperatures.

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Thermal Stability of Cadmium Telluride in Infrared Detectors for Monitoring Fire Conditions

Mozzherin,

Paklin

2023

Safety of Technogenic and Natural Systems

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Heat resistance of cadmium telluride devices in variable temperature fire

Мозжерин¹,

Paklin²

2023

Pozharnaia Bezopasnost`

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В статье на основе экспериментальных и теоретических исследований рассматриваются физико-химические превращения в теллуриде кадмия в условиях линейного и кратковременного нелинейного (импульсного) теплового воздействия, устанавливаются некоторые особенности работы приборов и устройств на основе теллурида кадмия внутри зон теплового воздействия при возгораниях и техногенных пожарах. На основе усовершенствованной математической модели приведены результаты образования и эволюции дефектной сети, приводящей под действием различных теплодоз процесса горения к деградации оборудования. The scientific article contains an experimental and theoretical study of cadmium telluride (CdTe) under conditions of linear and pulsed (nonlinear) thermal effects occurring in zones of man-made fires of varying intensity. The experimental part of the work is devoted to the study by transmission electron microscopy methods of the defective network of CdTe samples, which is a part of thin-film solar cells, universal infrared detectors and other devices exposed to heat from 100 to 800 °C. The theoretical part presents an improved mathematical model describing the evolution of chiselled defects under conditions of increasing temperature over time, both in linear form – an increase of 1 °C degree in 1 second, and in pulse form – a sharp increase to 100 °C and a subsequent drop to room temperature. Based on the results obtained, the presence of active physic-chemical transformations in the material was confirmed after receiving the appropriate heat dose, it was found that the temperature up to 100 °C, including with pulsed exposure, although it leads to an increase in the defective network, allows the equipment to remain operational. At temperatures above 600 °C, the degradation of the material leads to failures in the operation of devices and devices based on cadmium telluride, which makes their use limited and extremely inefficient in extreme conditions, where conventional semiconductor materials, such as germanium, are more suitable.

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Particularities of the interstitial atoms and vacancies clusters formation in a thin cadmium telluride foil during in situ electron irradiation in a TEM

Cited by 2 publications

References 9 publications

Thermal Stability of Cadmium Telluride in Infrared Detectors for Monitoring Fire Conditions

Thermal Stability of Cadmium Telluride in Infrared Detectors for Monitoring Fire Conditions

Heat resistance of cadmium telluride devices in variable temperature fire

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