Particle size independent spectrometric determination of wear metals in aircraft lubricating oils

Brown, John Russell; Saba, Costandy S.; Rhine, Wendell E.; Eisentraut, Kent J.

doi:10.1021/ac50064a030

Cited by 39 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 21 publications

(12 reference statements)

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“…The most common variants of SOA are inductively coupled plasma (ICP) and rotating disc electrode; these are usually conducted in accordance with a standard such as ASTM D5185. 5 The limited particle size detection range can be slightly improved for some variants of SOA by a method called acid digestion 6 that essentially dissolves particles up to about 30 mm into the fluid and then uses a variant of the SOA technique. Acid digestion requires manual processing of the sample and handling of acids and is generally not employed by commercial laboratories for routine samples.…”

Section: Soamentioning

confidence: 99%

On the impact of fine filtration on spectrometric oil analysis and inductive wear debris sensors

Becker

Abanteriba

Dutton

et al. 2015

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part J:

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Spectrometric oil analysis has been a popular technique used by oil analysis laboratories to determine the concentration of elements in an oil sample. The primary application of this technique has been the identification of fine wear in lubricated systems as an indicator of abnormal wear in order to prevent failure. It has also found some use for monitoring contaminants and fluid additives. While the literature has varying accounts of the effectiveness of this technique for machinery condition monitoring purposes, the introduction of fine filtration to many modern machines has profound implications for the effectiveness of spectrometric oil analysis. This paper will assess the effectiveness of spectrometric oil analysis in a fine filtered system and compare it with the results from an inductive wear debris sensor. The inductive wear debris sensor is a relatively new sensor for detecting abnormal wear in recirculating lubrication systems. A combination of experimental data and aircraft data is presented.

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Section: Soamentioning

confidence: 99%

On the impact of fine filtration on spectrometric oil analysis and inductive wear debris sensors

Becker

Abanteriba

Dutton

et al. 2015

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part J:

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“…The main drawback is the high viscosity of the sample, which makes it almost impossible to generate an aerosol by means of a conventional nebulizer (i.e., pneumatic concentric type). Hence, the analytical methods proposed [1][2][3][4][5][6] usually include a sample treatment such as: (i) dilution with organic solvents; [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18] (ii) wet or dry acid digestion, [19][20][21][22] sometimes followed by organic dilution [23][24][25][26] or liquid-liquid extraction with an organic solvent; 27 (iii) emulsification by means of surfactants; [28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35] or (iv) heating the sample to reduce its viscosity. 10,[36][37][38] These procedures involve several drawbacks: (i) low analysis throughput; (ii) dilution of the sample; (iii) risk of contamination; and (iv) risk of analyte losses.…”

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confidence: 99%

Determination of metals in lubricating oils by flame atomic absorption spectrometry using a single-bore high-pressure pneumatic nebulizer

Mora

Todolı́

Sempere

et al. 2000

Analyst

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The behaviour of a single-bore high-pressure pneumatic nebulizer (SBHPPN) as a tool for the analysis of lubricating oils by flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS) was investigated. The effects of the sample oil content [from 10% to 100% (w/w) oil in 4-methylpentan-2-one, IBMK] and the carrier nature (IBMK and methanol) on the characteristics of the aerosols generated, on the analyte transport efficiency and on the analytical figures of merit in FAAS were studied. A pneumatic concentric nebulizer (PCN) was used for comparison. Increasing the oil content increases the viscosity of the sample. With the PCN this gives rise to coarser aerosols, making it impossible to nebulize samples with an oil content higher than 70% (w/w). Using the SBHPPN, the viscosity of the sample scarcely affects the characteristics of the primary aerosols. Hence, the SBHPPN is able, by using the appropriate carrier, to nebulize pure lubricating oils. Among the carriers tested, IBMK is the most advisable because it is fully miscible with all the oil samples. The SBHPPN provides higher sensitivities and lower limits of detection than the PCN. Compared with a method based on organic dilution, the use of the SBHPPN for the direct analysis of lubricating oils by FAAS makes it possible, in addition to increasing the analysis throughput, to detect elements at lower concentrations. Moreover, the SBHPPN provides similar results to those obtained using a previous acid digestion step.

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“…Saba and Eisentraut (55, 56) proposed a "particle size independent method" for pre-treating lubricating oil samples in the late 1970s and continued this work in the 1980s (57,58). They used organic solvents and acid mixtures; their acid mixtures always contained HF together with other acids, while their organic solvents were MIBK or a MIBK/isopropyl alcohol mixture.…”

Section: Oil Emulsionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wear Metal Analysis of Oils

Vähäoja

Välimäki²,

Roppola

et al. 2008

Critical Reviews in Analytical Chemistry

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Particle size independent spectrometric determination of wear metals in aircraft lubricating oils

Cited by 39 publications

References 21 publications

On the impact of fine filtration on spectrometric oil analysis and inductive wear debris sensors

On the impact of fine filtration on spectrometric oil analysis and inductive wear debris sensors

Determination of metals in lubricating oils by flame atomic absorption spectrometry using a single-bore high-pressure pneumatic nebulizer

Wear Metal Analysis of Oils

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