Particle size distributions of ultrafine combustion aerosols generated from household fuels

Tiwari, Mahavir Prasad; Sahu, S. K.; Bhangare, R.C.; Yousaf, Ajmal; Pandit, G.G.

doi:10.5094/apr.2014.018

Cited by 47 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…A well-arranged morphology consisting of single particles can be seen in figure 4b. It was reported in previous literature that particle diameter decreases as the combustion conditions improve (Zhang et al, 2012;Tiwari et al, 2014;Masekameni et al, 2018) (Zhang et al, 2012;Tiwari et al, 2013;Masekameni et al, 2018).…”

Section: Morphology Of Coal Particles Emitted During the Flaming Phasementioning

confidence: 92%

Morphology and Elemental Analysis of Freshly Emitted Particles from Packed-bed Domestic Coal Combustion

Masekameni¹,

Makonese²,

Rampedi³

2019

Preprint

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This study was conducted in a laboratory-controlled environment aiming at studying the physical properties and elemental composition of coal combustion particles in a brazier. Particles were sampled ~1 m above the stove using a partector, where particles were collected on gold Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) grids and polycarbonate filters for TEM and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) analysis, respectively. Particles for elemental analysis collected on a 37 µm polycarbonate filters whereby a Gillian pump was used to draw in air. During sampling, a 2.5 µm cyclone was attached to the sampling cassette to isolate larger particles. The results have shown that combustion particles emitted during the early stage of combustion where single spherical particles with a diameter of around 450 nm. As the combustion progresses, the particle diameter gradually decreases and the morphology changes to accretion chain and fluffy bead structure for the flaming and char-burning phase, respectively.

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Section: Morphology Of Coal Particles Emitted During the Flaming Phasementioning

confidence: 92%

Morphology and Elemental Analysis of Freshly Emitted Particles from Packed-bed Domestic Coal Combustion

Masekameni¹,

Makonese²,

Rampedi³

2019

Preprint

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“…The number size distribution of ultrafine particles emitted from different cookstoves has been reported previously (Zhang et al 2012;Hawley and Volckens 2013;Just et al 2013;Tiwari et al 2014;Rapp et al 2016;Shen et al 2017). Hawley and Volckens (2013) and Just et al (2013) both used a Scanning Mobility Particle Sizer (SMPS) to measure the aerosol size distribution emitted from a three-stone fire, a side-feed wood cookstove, and a forced-air gasifier cookstove operating under steady state.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of operational mode on particle size and number emissions from a biomass gasifier cookstove

Tryner

Volckens

Marchese

2017

Aerosol Science and Technology

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Interest in the size distribution of particles emitted from biomass cookstoves stems from the hypothesis that exposure to ultrafine particles is more detrimental to human health than exposure to accumulation mode or other size regimes. Previous studies have reported that gasifier cookstoves emit smaller particles than other cookstove designs under steady operating conditions. In the present study, the number size distribution of particles emitted from a forced-air gasifier cookstove was measured at 1 Hz as the stove transitioned between several steady and transient operating modes. During normal operation, when the stove functioned as a top-lit updraft gasifier, the distribution was bimodal, with peaks at 10 nm and 40 nm, when a pot of water was on the stove. The distribution became unimodal with a peak at 10 nm when the pot was removed. Once the fuel bed had completely gasified and the secondary flame extinguished, the concentration of particles increased and the peak in number concentration shifted to approximately 80 nm. After refueling, when the stove operated as a conventional updraft gasifier, the peak in number concentration decreased to 10 nm. When the secondary flame extinguished a second time, the peak in number concentration increased to approximately 100 nm before decreasing to 20 nm during the char burnout phase. These results demonstrate that changes in operational mode influence the combustion process and produce distinct changes in the size distribution and rate of particle emissions.

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“…Such appliances, however, produce larger particles, typically hundreds of nanometers in diameter [16][17][18], and their exhaust is released from chimneys, while engines produce rather small particles, mostly on the order of 10 nm to tens of nm diameter [19,20], which are released directly in the streets. In addition, real driving emissions measurements show that engine UFP emissions are not evenly distributed among vehicles or along the path of travel, but rather, a small number of vehicles is responsible for a large fraction of the total emissions from the vehicle fleet [21,22], and a large fraction of UFP emissions from a given vehicle is attributable to short episodes with high emissions [23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Internal Combustion Engines as the Main Source of Ultrafine Particles in Residential Neighborhoods: Field Measurements in the Czech Republic

et al. 2015

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Ultrafine particles (UFP, diameter < 100 nm) exposure has already been associated with adverse effects on human health. Spatial distribution of UFP is non-uniform; they concentrate in the vicinity of the source, e.g. traffic, because of their short lifespan. This work investigates spatial distribution of UFP in three areas in the Czech Republic with different traffic load: High traffic (Prague neighborhood-Sporilov), commuter road vicinity (Libeznice), and a small city with only local traffic (Celakovice). Size-resolved measurements of particles in the 5-500 nm range were taken with a particle OPEN ACCESSAtmosphere 2015, 6 1715 classifier mounted, along with batteries, GPS and other accessories, on a handcart and pushed around the areas, making one-minute or longer stops at places of interest. Concentrations along main roads were elevated in comparison with places farther from the road; this pattern was observed in all sites, while particle number distributions both close and away from main roads had similar patterns. The absence of larger particles, the relative absence of higher concentrations of particles away from the main roads, and similar number distributions suggest that high particle number concentrations cannot be readily attributed to sources other than internal combustion engines in vehicles and mobile machinery (i.e., mowers and construction machines).

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Particle size distributions of ultrafine combustion aerosols generated from household fuels

Cited by 47 publications

References 17 publications

Morphology and Elemental Analysis of Freshly Emitted Particles from Packed-bed Domestic Coal Combustion

Morphology and Elemental Analysis of Freshly Emitted Particles from Packed-bed Domestic Coal Combustion

Effects of operational mode on particle size and number emissions from a biomass gasifier cookstove

Internal Combustion Engines as the Main Source of Ultrafine Particles in Residential Neighborhoods: Field Measurements in the Czech Republic

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