Particle Size and Pore Structure Characterization of Silver Nanoparticles Prepared by Confined Arc Plasma

Ming-ru, Zhou; Wei, Zhiqiang; Huang, Qiao; Zhu, Lin; Yang, Hua; Xia, Tiandong

doi:10.1155/2009/968058

Cited by 97 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Wet chemistry through chemical reduction utilizes solutions of silver reacted with an appropriate reducing agent to produce metallic nanoparticles, while capping agents are typically added to stabilize the colloidal solution. Physical routes considered in this were flame spray pyrolysis (FSP), 16 arc plasma (AP), 30 and reactive magnetron sputtering with an argon and nitrogen gas mixture (RMS-AR-N). 28 Chemical reduction of silver nitrate with soluble starch from potatoes (CR-Starch) was also modeled in this study as a representative bio-based chemical reduction method, 29 though citric acid for the CR-TSC method is also industrially produced through biotechnological means.…”

Section: Agnp Synthesis Routesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparative life cycle assessment of silver nanoparticle synthesis routes

Pourzahedi

Eckelman

2015

Environ. Sci.: Nano

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Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) can be produced through a variety of synthesis routes with differing mechanisms, inputs, yields, reaction conditions, and resulting size distributions. Recent work has focused on applying green chemistry and sustainable manufacturing principles to nanomaterial synthesis, with the goal of reducing life cycle energy use and environmental impacts. Life cycle assessment (LCA) is used here to analyze and compare the environmental impacts of AgNPs produced through seven different synthesis routes (cradle-to-gate). LCA reveals both direct and indirect or upstream impacts associated with AgNPs.Synthesis routes were chosen to represent current trends in nanoparticle synthesis and include physical, chemical and bio-based methods of production. Results show that, across synthesis routes, impacts associated with the upstream production of bulk silver itself were dominant for nearly every category of environmental impact, contributing to over 90% of life cycle burdens in some cases. Flame spray methods were shown to have the highest impacts while chemical reduction methods were generally preferred when AgNPs were compared on a mass basis. The bio-based chemical reduction route was found to have important tradeoffs in ozone depletion potential and ecotoxicity. Rescaling results by the size-dependent antimicrobial efficacy that reflects the actual function of AgNPs in most products provided a performancebased comparison and changed the rank order of preference in every impact category. Comparative results were also presented in the context of a nanosilver-doped wound dressing, showing that the overall environmental burdens of the product were highly sensitive to the synthesis route by which the AgNPs are produced.Environ. Sci.: Nano This journal is † Electronic supplementary information (ESI) available. See Nanoparticle synthesis has been found in several life cycle assessments (LCAs) of AgNP-containing products to be a large contributor of environmental impacts. Impacts are highly dependent on the synthesis route, yet several routes lack LCA data and/or results. Here we conduct and compare LCAs for all industrially important synthesis routes and identify critical inputs and synthesis steps, informing future process improvements. Impacts from the production of bulk silver were dominant for nearly every impact category, but with different patterns among routes. Results are presented on a mass basis as well as by antimicrobial efficiency, a novel approach. This work provides a transparent and general basis for the research community to model nano life cycle impacts in subsequent assessments of AgNP-enabled products.

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Section: Agnp Synthesis Routesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…30 Particles are created by vaporizing pure silver in a reactor using a high electricity discharge. Arc plasma is a physical vapor deposition method modeled in this study.…”

Section: Agnp Synthesis Routesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative life cycle assessment of silver nanoparticle synthesis routes

Pourzahedi

Eckelman

2015

Environ. Sci.: Nano

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“…wound dressings, surgical instruments and bone prostheses) [8,9]. Among metallic nanomaterials including copper, zinc, titanium, magnesium, gold and silver, AgNPs have proved to be most effective in killing bacteria, viruses and other eukaryotic microorganisms [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Silver nanoparticles augment releasing of pyrogenic factors by blood cells stimulated with LPS

Jędrzejewski

Wrotek

Piotrowski³

et al. 2014

Open Life Sciences

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Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have cytotoxic properties via generation of reactive oxygen species which are involved in the generalized sickness behavior of the host, including fever and lethargy among others. The aim of the present study was to investigate the impact of AgNPs on the ability of rat peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) to release fever mediating factors after stimulation with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Body temperature and motor activity of the Wistar rats were measured by biotelemetry system. Rat PBMCs were stimulated with LPS and after that the cells were washed and incubated alone or with AgNPs. The final supernatants were injected intraperitoneally. The levels of endogenous pyrogens such as interleukin-1β (IL−1β), IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) released from the PBMCs into the final supernatants were also estimated. The results indicated that injection of the supernatants from the cells stimulated with LPS induced fever and inhibited motor activity. These effects were potentiated by the presence of AgNPs during the final incubation. The presence of the AgNPs also resulted in significant increases in levels of endogenous pyrogens. The augmentation of fever in the rats by the AgNPs treatment of the cultures seemed to be primarily associated with the changes in interleukin-1β levels.

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“…Numerous methods have been formulated for the synthesis of AgNPs, such as reduction of silver ions on the surface of functionalized silica (7,8), silver ions reduced in mesoporous silica, and in the presence of stabilizers in aqueous solution (9) leading to the formation of silver-incorporated nanoparticles. Nanoparticles have come to the forefront due to their distinctive physical, chemical, and biological properties, which arise from their high surface area-to-mass ratio (10,11). Various methods have been adapted for the synthesis of AgNPs, and the antibacterial activities of the AgNPs vary with the different synthesis methods.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Interaction of Silver Nanoparticles with Serum Proteins Affects Their Antimicrobial Activity In Vivo

Gnanadhas

Thomas

et al. 2013

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

144

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dThe emergence of multidrug-resistant bacteria is a global threat for human society. There exist recorded data that silver was used as an antimicrobial agent by the ancient Greeks and Romans during the 8th century. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are of potential interest because of their effective antibacterial and antiviral activities, with minimal cytotoxic effects on the cells. However, very few reports have shown the usage of AgNPs for antibacterial therapy in vivo. In this study, we deciphered the importance of the chosen methods for synthesis and capping of AgNPs for their improved activity in vivo. The interaction of AgNPs with serum albumin has a significant effect on their antibacterial activity. It was observed that uncapped AgNPs exhibited no antibacterial activity in the presence of serum proteins, due to the interaction with bovine serum albumin (BSA), which was confirmed by UV-Vis spectroscopy. However, capped AgNPs [with citrate or poly(vinylpyrrolidone)] exhibited antibacterial properties due to minimized interactions with serum proteins. The damage in the bacterial membrane was assessed by flow cytometry, which also showed that only capped AgNPs exhibited antibacterial properties, even in the presence of BSA. In order to understand the in vivo relevance of the antibacterial activities of different AgNPs, a murine salmonellosis model was used. It was conclusively proved that AgNPs capped with citrate or PVP exhibited significant antibacterial activities in vivo against Salmonella infection compared to uncapped AgNPs. These results clearly demonstrate the importance of capping agents and the synthesis method for AgNPs in their use as antimicrobial agents for therapeutic purposes.

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Particle Size and Pore Structure Characterization of Silver Nanoparticles Prepared by Confined Arc Plasma

Cited by 97 publications

References 34 publications

Comparative life cycle assessment of silver nanoparticle synthesis routes

Comparative life cycle assessment of silver nanoparticle synthesis routes

Silver nanoparticles augment releasing of pyrogenic factors by blood cells stimulated with LPS

Interaction of Silver Nanoparticles with Serum Proteins Affects Their Antimicrobial Activity In Vivo

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