Particle reflectivity and movements in cirrus clouds over Beijing from four years of Ka radar measurements

Huo, Juan; Han, Congzheng; Duan, Minzheng; Wu, Xue; Bi, Yanfeng; Tian, Yufang

doi:10.1016/j.atmosres.2020.105211

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…As a study focusing on the AWR, the macro‐ and micro‐physical parameters of clouds are mostly studied (Weisz et al ., 2007; King et al ., 2013; Hong and Liu, 2015; Sharma and Mishra, 2020). Among them, climatic characteristics of clouds are generally researched from ground‐based measurements (Li et al ., 2004; Pandithurai et al ., 2009; Zhao et al ., 2012; 2016; 2017; Qiu and Zhao, 2017; Huo et al ., 2021). When studying the temporal and spatial distribution of cloud parameters in China and its typical regions from satellite observation, International Satellite Cloud Climatology Project (ISCCP), Moderate‐resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS), and CloudSat data are widely used (Li et al ., 2008; Chen et al ., 2016; Yang et al ., 2017; Bao et al ., 2019; Zhao et al ., 2019a; Yang et al ., 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regional characteristics and exploitation potential of atmospheric water resources in China

Yao

Zhang

et al. 2022

Intl Journal of Climatology

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The atmospheric water resources (AWR) in China have evident regional characteristics. In order to scientifically and rationally exploit the AWR in different regions of China, we divided China into seven regions based on the ERA-5, the CloudSat data, and so on. Such characteristics as water vapour, cloud characteristics, cloud water resources (CWR), precipitation efficiency of hydrometeors (PEh), and the exploitation potential of CWR were studied in this article. Some results in summer are shown. (a) There were relatively more precipitation, richer water vapour, stronger water vapour transport and convergence, more cloud covers, and relatively larger zones of rich total column cloud water content in China. Therefore, it is of important significance to study AWR in summer in China. (b) In respect of single-layer clouds, low clouds were in the majority over the Tibetan Plateau (TP) and the southwest China (SW), medium clouds were predominant over the northern regions, and high clouds existed more over the central region (CR) and the southeast China (SE). The liquid water content (LWC) at each height of cloud was less than 800 mgÁm −3 and decreased gradually with the increase in height in China. The convective development heights, the LWC at each altitude, and the frequencies of less LWCs over the northern regions were lower than those over the southern regions. The ice water content (IWC) at each height of cloud was less than 250 mgÁm −3 , and more than 96% of them were less than 100 mgÁm −3 . (c) CWR over the northeast China (NE), north China (NC), and CR were relatively rich, but with relatively low PEh, so there was relatively higher exploitation potential of CWR in these regions, followed by the northwest China (NW) and TP, and there was still some exploitation potential of CWR in SE and SW.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regional characteristics and exploitation potential of atmospheric water resources in China

Yao

Zhang

et al. 2022

Intl Journal of Climatology

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“…The physical and optical properties of ice clouds, such as ice crystal size, ice shape, particle concentration, cloud-top height (CTH) and optical depth, are heterogeneously and diversely distributed over the globe (Jensen et al, 1996;Mace et al, 2006;Yang and Fu, 2009;Adhikari et al, 2012;Cotton et al, 2013;Heymsfield et al, 2013;Luebke et al, 2016;Wolf et al, 2018;Ge et al, 2019). Recent studies show that cirrus clouds remain one of the largest sources of un-J.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Properties of ice cloud over Beijing from surface Ka-band radar observations during 2014–2017

Huo

Tian

et al. 2020

Atmos. Chem. Phys.

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Abstract. The physical properties and radiative role of ice clouds remain one of the uncertainties in the Earth–atmosphere system. In this study, we present a detailed analysis of ice cloud properties based on 4 years of surface millimeter-wavelength radar measurements in Beijing, China, where the summer monsoon from the ocean and the winter monsoon from the continent prevail alternately, resulting in various ice clouds. More than 6300 ice cloud clusters were studied to quantify the properties of ice clouds, such as the height, optical depth and horizontal extent, which can serve as a reference for parameterization and characterization in global climate models. In addition, comparison between ice cloud clusters formed under the summer monsoon and the winter monsoon indicates the different formation and evolution mechanisms of cirrus clouds. Statistically, temperatures of more than 95 % of ice radar bins are below −15 ∘C and more than 80 % of ice clouds are above 7 km. The dependence of the radar reflectivity of ice particles on height and temperature was also observed in this study, indicating that the reflectivity of ice bins increases (decreases) as the temperature (height) increases. In addition, it is found that there is a strong linear relationship between the mean reflectivity and the ice cloud depth. Due to various synoptic circumstances, the ice clouds in summer are warmer, higher and thicker, with larger reflectivity than that in winter; in particular, the mean cloud-top height of ice clouds in summer is 2.2 km higher than that in winter. Our analysis indicates that in spring, in situ-origin cirrus clouds are more common than liquid-origin cirrus clouds, while in summer liquid-origin cirrus clouds are more frequent; in autumn and winter, most cirrus clouds are of in situ origin.

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Particle reflectivity and movements in cirrus clouds over Beijing from four years of Ka radar measurements

Cited by 2 publications

References 31 publications

Regional characteristics and exploitation potential of atmospheric water resources in China

Regional characteristics and exploitation potential of atmospheric water resources in China

Properties of ice cloud over Beijing from surface Ka-band radar observations during 2014–2017

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