Particle Number, Size and Mass Emissions of Different Biodiesel Blends Versus ULSD from a Small Displacement Automotive Diesel Engine

Filippo, Andréa; Ciaravino, Claudio; Millo, Federico; Vezza, Davide Simone; Fino, Debora; Russo, Nunzio; Vlachos, Theodoros

doi:10.4271/2011-01-0633

Cited by 15 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…During the combustion process, the oxygen presence of these blends decreased the local air-fuel equivalence ratio and promoted the oxidation of soot particles [51][52][53][54]. firstly, more fuel was combusted to attain high engine power with more carbon available for particle formation and higher temperature for promoting fuel thermal pyrolysis and soot precursor formation;…”

Section: Size-resolved Pm Number Concentrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of pentanol and dimethyl ether blending with diesel on the combustion performance and emission characteristics in a compression ignition engine under low temperature combustion mode

Raza

Chen

Ruiz

et al. 2019

Journal of the Energy Institute

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Dimethyl ether (DME) and n-pentanol can be derived from non-food based biomass feedstock without unsettling food supplies and thus attract increasing attention as promising alternative fuels, yet some of their unique fuel properties different from diesel may significantly affect engine operation and thus limit their direct usage in diesel engines. In this study, the influence of n-pentanol, DME and diesel blends on the combustion performance and emission characteristics of a diesel engine under lowtemperature combustion (LTC) mode was evaluated at various engine loads (0.2-0.8 MPa BMEP) and two Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR) levels (15% and 30%). Three test blends were prepared by adding different proportions of DME and n-pentanol in baseline diesel and termed as D85DM15, D65P35, and D60DM20P20 respectively. The results showed that particulate matter (PM) mass and size-resolved PM number concentration were lower for D85DM15 and D65P35 and the least for D60DM20P20 compared ACCEPTED MANUSCRIPT with neat diesel. D60DM20P20 turned out to generate the lowest NO x emissions among the test blends at high engine load, and it further reduced by approximately 56% and 32% at low and medium loads respectively. It was found that the combination of medium EGR (15%) level and D60DM20P20 blend could generate the lowest NO x and PM emissions among the tested oxygenated blends with a slight decrease in engine performance. THC and CO emissions were higher for oxygenated blends than baseline diesel and the addition of EGR further exacerbated these gaseous emissions. This study demonstrated a great potential of n-pentanol, DME and diesel (D60DM20P20) blend in compression ignition engines with optimum combustion and emission characteristics under low temperature combustion mode, yet long term durability and commercial viability have not been considered.

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Section: Size-resolved Pm Number Concentrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of pentanol and dimethyl ether blending with diesel on the combustion performance and emission characteristics in a compression ignition engine under low temperature combustion mode

Raza

Chen

Ruiz

et al. 2019

Journal of the Energy Institute

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“…European Union (EU) has introduced a number based approach for particulate in addition to mass based method with the Euro 5b/ Euro 6 legislation to limit the ultra-fine particles [16,17,18]. The EU has also amended the emissions measurement test procedure in the year 2000 to synchronize sampling of the exhaust gas from the start of cranking, thereby eliminating the 40 s warm-up period which had existed previously.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving Cold Start and Transient Performance of Automotive Diesel Engine at Low Ambient Temperatures

Ramadhas

2016

SAE Technical Paper Series

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Where a licence is displayed above, please note the terms and conditions of the licence govern your use of this document. When citing, please reference the published version. Take down policy While the University of Birmingham exercises care and attention in making items available there are rare occasions when an item has been uploaded in error or has been deemed to be commercially or otherwise sensitive.

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“…Large populations of nucleation mode particles which are smaller than 10 nm were observed for these fuel blends [8]. Another experimental study shows that higher particle number emissions were observed from B30 bio fuel blend at lower coolant temperatures, especially in the nano particles range below 30 nm [9]. Experimental study carried out on CNG engine revealed that generally the particle mass is contributed by the particles in the size range between 100 to 300 nm and particle number is constituted mostly by the particles in the size range between 60 to 200 nm [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Characterization of the Ultrafine and Nano Particle Emissions on Modified Indian Driving Cycle for Passenger Cars Operating on CNG Phase Wise Analysis

Nakhawa

Thipse

2015

AEF

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The ultrafine and nano particles compared to larger particles are gaining high importance because of their vulnerable effects to environment and human health causing respiratory problems, cardiovascular disease, and various types of cancers leading to premature death [1]. WHO report points out that approximately, two thirds of the global burden of disease due to urban outdoor air pollution is mostly from the developing countries in Asia (Cohen et al. 2004)[2]. By number, nearly all of the particles emitted by a diesel engine are nanoparticles which are also true for gasoline engines [3]. This is addressed by new UN Regulations by introducing the emission norms for diesel and GDI vehicles for particle number and PM2.5 as 6 x 10 11 and 4.5 mg/km respectively [4]. However, other S.I. engines like CNG, even though they look clean as there is no visible smoke but emitting large number of particles is necessary to investigate. This research paper focuses on characterization of ultrafine and nano particle emissions from CNG vehicle on Indian driving cycle and it covers experimental Investigation to identify the significance of different operating phases viz. idling, acceleration, deceleration and cruising for their contributions to particle number and size distribution pattern over urban as well as on extra urban part of the cycle. CNG passenger car shows large peak of PN emissions during cold starting phase at the beginning of the test cycle which is almost twice that of diesel vehicle. However, this concentration peak will decrease near to 25% on light operating loads during urban part of the cycle, but during acceleration and cruising operation on extra urban cycle under heavy load the PN emissions from CNG car are higher in magnitude. The particles emitted from CNG buses are too small to contribute to PM10 as they are of ultrafine and nano size range.

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Particle Number, Size and Mass Emissions of Different Biodiesel Blends Versus ULSD from a Small Displacement Automotive Diesel Engine

Cited by 15 publications

References 27 publications

Influence of pentanol and dimethyl ether blending with diesel on the combustion performance and emission characteristics in a compression ignition engine under low temperature combustion mode

Influence of pentanol and dimethyl ether blending with diesel on the combustion performance and emission characteristics in a compression ignition engine under low temperature combustion mode

Improving Cold Start and Transient Performance of Automotive Diesel Engine at Low Ambient Temperatures

Characterization of the Ultrafine and Nano Particle Emissions on Modified Indian Driving Cycle for Passenger Cars Operating on CNG Phase Wise Analysis

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