Particle model from quantum foundations

Abstract

Some ideas are explored concerning the structure of elementary particles (specifically, leptons and hadrons), formulated within the context of a theory of the objective collapse of the wavefunction recently proposed by the authors. In accordance with this hypothesis, to each interaction that induces a discontinuity (quantum jump) in the evolution of the state of an elementary particle, two de Sitter half-spaces are associated, respectively, connected with the outgoing state and its conjugate. It is in these spaces that the structural constituents of the particle lie (quarks in the case of a hadron). The mass of free particles (leptons and hadrons) is given by the energy associated with their time localization in the jump, while the interaction between quarks belonging to a same hadron leads to a chromodynamic coupling constant that ensures both confinement and asymptotic freedom. It is possible to write a toy Hamiltonian in which the organization of quarks in hadrons appears ab initio, and which includes terms both for the exchange of quarks and for the creation/annihilation of pairs, thus avoiding the problem of bottom-up hadronization. In this scenario, the genesis of Regge trajectories is briefly discussed and it is argued that their slope can be quantized; finally, a reinterpretation is suggested of the classical Veneziano and Virasoro amplitudes. Keywords Quantum jump • de Sitter spacetime • Elementary particles • Strong interactions • Regge trajectories • Veneziano and Virasoro amplitudes

A Three-Dimensional Non-Local Quantum Vacuum as the Origin of Photons

“…Elementary RS processes of creation/annihilation of virtual particle/antiparticle pairs corresponding to elementary fluctuations of the quantum vacuum energy density generate oscillations (9) of the vacuum which are choregraphed in a non-local way by the quantum potential of the vacuum. Under opportune conditions, when the region of space is characterized by a certain polarization expressed by the complex unit vector^, they can give rise to the minimum quantum of the electromagnetic field, which can be characterized in terms of the quantized vector potential (17) satisfying the wave equation (19), the linear time differential equation (20), and the Schrödinger equation (21), which can be thus combined into a wave-particle general equation (22). It implies that the photon is a "wave-corpuscle" entity emerging from more fundamental properties of the non-local 3D quantum vacuum which is a perfect absorber and emitter.…”

“…(17)-(23), a fundamental result is the following. Although when frequency (9) is null, all the physical properties of a photon vanish, it must be observed that, even if = 0, the field Ξ Δ appearing in (17) is not null and becomes the vacuum field Ξ 0 involving the polarization and generating the electronic transitions in matter. This is a fundamental point: this physically means that, when a region of the 3D quantum vacuum is described by the quantized vector potential (17) satisfying the fundamental wave-particle equation (22), this region of the vacuum becomes a source of physical (electromagnetic) processes, even if frequency (9) of this region becomes null.…”

“…He built a possible transactional interpretation, where the space-time unfolds as an emergent manifold from a more fundamental collective structure, a "pre-space-time" characterized by "transactional processes" (constituted by the emission and absorption of quanta) involving de Broglie waves and resulting in transfers of energy from an emitter to an observer, which must be considered as pre-spacetime objects at the micro-level. On the other hand, I. Licata and L. Chiatti [12][13][14][15][16][17] developed an ap- proach, where the fundamental arena of the Universe is an archaic, timeless vacuum from which patterns emerge by reduction-state processes corresponding to the events of creation and destruction (or, in other words, the physical manifestation and demanifestation) of certain quantities, and such patterns influence the vacuum activity, in a quantum feedback.…”

“…(where P is Planck's mass, is the light speed, and P is Planck's length), which represents the ground state of the 3D quantum vacuum, corresponding to elementary reduction-state (RS) processes of creation/annihilation of quanta of the 3D quantum vacuum which are somewhat similar to the transactional processes invoked by Chiatti and Licata [12][13][14][15][16][17] in their interpretation of an archaic, atemporal vacuum. In other words, the elementary particles and massive bodies in our model are just different structures of the quantum vacuum.…”

Dark Universe and distribution of matter as quantum imprinting

“…Before going on, let us consider T0, a sort of "internal period" of the origin x = 0 of the frame of reference; for the connection of T0 with T1 we will return later on. Here, we hypothesize that in the Archaic Universe the origin of a frame of reference is endowed with a finite extension in x0/c equal to q0, a typical scale of the temporal localization of elementary particles [8][9][10][11][12][13][14]. The random choice of a particular origin on the x0/c axis thus corresponds to an a priori probability equal to the ratio q0/t0 between the interval q0 and the extension of the x0/c axis, and an information 1/a = -log2(q0/t0).…”