“…The advantage of this method is its ability to continuously separate microparticles. A magnetic field was utilized as a driving force for SPLITT fractionation by Fuh and co-workers [6,7,8]. This technique allowed the complete separation of paramagnetic ion-labeled particles (yeast, red blood cells, silica particles, and so on) from non-labeled particles [6].…”
“…This technique allowed the complete separation of paramagnetic ion-labeled particles (yeast, red blood cells, silica particles, and so on) from non-labeled particles [6]. The magnetic susceptibility of the microparticle could be determined to a good precision by the fractional retrieval [8]. Zborowski et al constructed a cylindrically-symmetric SPLITT fractionation channel that used a quadrupole magnetic field [9,10,11,12], and using this immunomagnetically-labeled human white blood cells could be separated from non-labeled cells [12].…”
The magnetic field-induced migration of particles in liquids is a highly-promising technique for the micro-separation analysis of bioparticles, such as cells and large DNA. Here, new methods that make use of magnetophoresis and electromagnetophoresis to induce the migration of microparticles in liquids are briefly reviewed. Magnetic force and Lorentz force are utilized in the new methods. Some typical examples of the use of these methods are described, and the advantages of using a superconducting magnet for them are demonstrated.
“…The advantage of this method is its ability to continuously separate microparticles. A magnetic field was utilized as a driving force for SPLITT fractionation by Fuh and co-workers [6,7,8]. This technique allowed the complete separation of paramagnetic ion-labeled particles (yeast, red blood cells, silica particles, and so on) from non-labeled particles [6].…”
“…This technique allowed the complete separation of paramagnetic ion-labeled particles (yeast, red blood cells, silica particles, and so on) from non-labeled particles [6]. The magnetic susceptibility of the microparticle could be determined to a good precision by the fractional retrieval [8]. Zborowski et al constructed a cylindrically-symmetric SPLITT fractionation channel that used a quadrupole magnetic field [9,10,11,12], and using this immunomagnetically-labeled human white blood cells could be separated from non-labeled cells [12].…”
The magnetic field-induced migration of particles in liquids is a highly-promising technique for the micro-separation analysis of bioparticles, such as cells and large DNA. Here, new methods that make use of magnetophoresis and electromagnetophoresis to induce the migration of microparticles in liquids are briefly reviewed. Magnetic force and Lorentz force are utilized in the new methods. Some typical examples of the use of these methods are described, and the advantages of using a superconducting magnet for them are demonstrated.
“…Recently, Wingo et al [41] demonstrated the separation of sub-micron paramagnetic particles using a high-gradient magnetic field. In addition to separating magnetic particles, SPLITT fractionation devices have been applied to determine the magnetic susceptibility of various ion-labelled red blood cells [42,43]. Apart from various applications, significant effort has been made to improve the device design and operating conditions.…”
In recent years, microfluidic devices have been increasingly used to separate particles such as colloids, macromolecules, cells, beads and droplets. Miniaturisation often introduces new functionalities and paradigms that are not possible at conventional macroscopic scales. In this paper, split-flow-thin fractionation techniques for particle separation are reviewed and the underlying physics of particle migration is discussed. The potential of these particle separation techniques in the design of integrated microfluidic systems is described. We then illustrate how numerical simulation can provide an increased understanding of the fluid-particle motion. The advantages of numerical simulation for rational design and operation of microfluidic devices are highlighted through two practical examples involving an ultrasonic cell washing system and a quadrupole magnetic flow sorter.
“…Twenty-five outlet flow channels were fabricated to fractionate biological particles by a perpendicular magnetic force against the flow direction [17]. Fuh et al reported a split flow cell for continuous magnetic fractionation [18] and evaluated magnetic properties of particles [19]. Recently, the "nano-gap" method was invented to measure the size of particles in liquid [20] and it was combined with a magnetophoretic system to determine the magnetic susceptibility of a microparticle [21].…”
A new two-dimensional micro-flow magnetophoresis device was constructed in a superconducting magnet (10 T) using triangular shaped pole pieces, which could apply a magnetic strength, B(dB/dx), in the range of ca. 0-14,000 T(2) m(-1) across a capillary cell. Polystyrene particles with diameters of 1, 3, and 6 μm were used as test samples in a paramagnetic medium of 1 M MnCl(2) to evaluate the performance of this method. Microparticles migrated across the capillary along the edge of the pole pieces, and then flowed through the gap in the pole piece at a position defined as the migration distance, depending on the magnetic susceptibility and the size of particles as well as the flow rate. The most effective flow rate to exhibit the largest resolution among the particles was theoretically predicted and experimentally confirmed. By this method, the magnetic susceptibilities of individual deoxygenated and non-deoxygenated red blood cells were measured from the relative migration distance.
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