Particle emissions of direct injection internal combustion engine fed with a hydrogen-rich reformate

Thawko, Andy; Yadav, Harekrishna; Eyal, Amnon; Shapiro, M.; Tartakovsky, Leonid

doi:10.1016/j.ijhydene.2019.09.062

Cited by 43 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Although the tests were carried out in fixed operating conditions in stationary mode, the emission of particles was not continuous but exhibited variations in the concentrations. These particle fluctuations were also observed by Thawko et al [35], who characterized the particles emitted by a DI ICE fed with a hydrogen-rich reformate. This trend could be due to the entrainment of vapor oil in the combustion chamber.…”

Section: Exhaust Emission Analysissupporting

confidence: 74%

A Complete Assessment of the Emission Performance of an SI Engine Fueled with Methanol, Methane and Hydrogen

Catapano,

Di Iorio,

Magno

et al. 2024

Energies

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This study explores the potentiality of low/zero carbon fuels such as methanol, methane and hydrogen for motor applications to pursue the goal of energy security and environmental sustainability. An experimental investigation was performed on a spark ignition engine equipped with both a port fuel and a direct injection system. Liquid fuels were injected into the intake manifold to benefit from a homogeneous charge formation. Gaseous fuels were injected in direct mode to enhance the efficiency and prevent abnormal combustion. Tests were realized at a fixed indicated mean effective pressure and at three different engine speeds. The experimental results highlighted the reduction of CO and CO2 emissions for the alternative fuels to an extent depending on their properties. Methanol exhibited high THC and low NOx emissions compared to gasoline. Methane and, even more so, hydrogen, allowed for a reduction in THC emissions. With regard to the impact of gaseous fuels on the NOx emissions, this was strongly related to the operating conditions. A surprising result concerns the particle emissions that were affected not only by the fuel characteristics and the engine test point but also by the lubricating oil. The oil contribution was particularly evident for hydrogen fuel, which showed high particle emissions, although they did not contain carbon atoms.

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Section: Exhaust Emission Analysissupporting

confidence: 74%

A Complete Assessment of the Emission Performance of an SI Engine Fueled with Methanol, Methane and Hydrogen

Catapano,

Di Iorio,

Magno

et al. 2024

Energies

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“…The temperature T t wc (s) of the inner surface of the cylinder liner can be calculated by the temperature field, and the area A wc (t) of the contact part between the cylinder liner and the gas in the cylinder at any time t can be obtained by the piston kinematics relationship. The average heat transfer area A ts wc and the average wall temperature T ts wc can be obtained by the following formula [11]:…”

Section: The Coupling Relationship Among Internal Combustion Engine P...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Establishment of a Coupling Model for the Prediction of Heat Dissipation of the Internal Combustion Engine Based on Finite Element

Mu¹,

Wang²,

Hong³

et al. 2022

Energy Engineering

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The aerodynamics and heat transfer performance in the rear-mounted automobile cabin have an important influence on the engine's safety and the operational stability of the automobile. The article uses STAR-CCM and GT-COOL software to establish the 3D wind tunnel model and engine cooling system model of the internal combustion engine. At the same time, we established a 3D artificial coupling model through parameter transfer. The research results show that the heat transfer coefficient decreases with the increase of the comprehensive drag coefficient of the nacelle. This shows that the cabin flow field has an important influence on the heat transfer coefficient. The mainstream temperature rise of the engine room increases with the increase of the engine load. It is proved that vehicle speed affects the amount of heat dissipation of the engine room internal combustion engine under certain load conditions. The article provides a more effective and fast calculation method for the research on the heat dissipation of the internal combustion engine and the optimization of the cooling system equipment.

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“…Particle fluctuation at steady-state regimes was observed by Thawko et al [23] on a gasoline engine and by Swanson et al [24] on a diesel engine. Ricardo et al [25] found that the predicted soot particles mass was lower than experimental values and they suggested that other sources than fuel combustion should be considered.…”

mentioning

confidence: 90%

Impact of Blow-By Gas and Endgap Ring Position on the Variations of Particle Emissions in Gasoline Engines

2021

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Particulate emission from internal combustion engines is a complex phenomenon that needs to be understood in order to identify its main factors. To this end, it appears necessary to study the impact of unburned gases, called blow-by gases, which are reinjected into the engine intake system. A series of transient tests demonstrate their significant contribution since the particle emissions of spark-ignition engines are 1.5 times higher than those of an engine without blow-by with a standard deviation 1.5 times greater. After analysis, it is found that the decanter is not effective enough to remove completely the oil from the gases. Tests without blow-by gases also have the advantage of having a lower disparity, and therefore of being more repeatable. It appears that the position of the “endgap” formed by the first two rings has a significant impact on the amount of oil transported towards the combustion chamber by the backflow, and consequently on the variation of particle emissions. For this engine and for this transient, 57% of the particulate emissions are related to the equivalence ratio, while 31% are directly related to the ability of the decanter to remove the oil of the blowby gases and 12% of the emissions come from the backflow. The novelty of this work is to relate the particles fluctuation to the position of the endgap ring.

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Particle emissions of direct injection internal combustion engine fed with a hydrogen-rich reformate

Cited by 43 publications

References 47 publications

A Complete Assessment of the Emission Performance of an SI Engine Fueled with Methanol, Methane and Hydrogen

A Complete Assessment of the Emission Performance of an SI Engine Fueled with Methanol, Methane and Hydrogen

Establishment of a Coupling Model for the Prediction of Heat Dissipation of the Internal Combustion Engine Based on Finite Element

Impact of Blow-By Gas and Endgap Ring Position on the Variations of Particle Emissions in Gasoline Engines

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