Particle emissions from microalgae biodiesel combustion and their relative oxidative potential

Rahman, M. F.; Stevanović, Svetlana; Islam, Aminul; Heimann, Kirsten; Nabi, Nurun; Thomas, George E.; Feng, Bo; Brown, Richard J.; Ristovski, Zoran

doi:10.1039/c5em00125k

Cited by 41 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 58 publications

(134 reference statements)

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“…The relationship between experimental YSI and piPC5 (a measurement of atom path lengths in a given compound) indicates that longer chains of atoms and larger compounds correlate to higher soot formation. This observation aligns with existing studies indicating fuel blends containing long carbon chains tend to emit more particles as a result of combustion [46].…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 93%

Screening Compounds for Fast Pyrolysis and Catalytic Biofuel Upgrading Using Artificial Neural Networks

Kessler¹,

Schwartz²,

Wong³

et al. 2019

Preprint

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There is significant interest among researchers in finding economically sustainable alternatives to fossil-derived drop-in fuels and fuel additives. Fast pyrolysis, a method for converting biomass into liquid hydrocarbons with the potential for use as fuels or fuel additives, is a promising technology that can be two to three times less expensive at scale when compared to alternative approaches such as gasification and fermentation. However, many bio-oils directly derived from fast pyrolysis have a high oxygen content and high acidity, indicating poor performance in diesel engines when used as fuels or fuel additives. Thus, a combination of selective fast pyrolysis and chemical catalysis could produce tuned bioblendstocks that perform optimally in diesel engines. The variance in performance for derived compounds introduces a feedback loop in researching acceptable fuels and fuel additives, as various combustion properties for these compounds must be determined after pyrolysis and catalytic upgrading occurs. The present work aims to reduce this feedback loop by utilizing artificial neural networks trained with quantitative structure-property relationship values to preemptively screen pure component compounds that will be produced from fast pyrolysis and catalytic upgrading. The quantitative structure-property relationship values selected as inputs for models are discussed, the cetane number and sooting propensity of compounds derived from the catalytic upgrading of phenol are predicted, and the viability of these compounds as fuels and fuel additives is analyzed. The model constructed to predict cetane number has a test set prediction root-mean-squared error of 9.874 cetane units, and the model constructed to predict yield sooting index has a test set prediction root-mean-squared error of 13.478 yield sooting index units (on the unified scale).

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 93%

Screening Compounds for Fast Pyrolysis and Catalytic Biofuel Upgrading Using Artificial Neural Networks

Kessler¹,

Schwartz²,

Wong³

et al. 2019

Preprint

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“…The presence of unburnt hydrocarbons in exhaust gasses are due to the lack of oxygen to boost the ignition temperature of the fuel to be oxidized. Therefore, the oxygen presence in biodiesel fuel tends to reduce UHC emissions [123]. As illustrated in Fig.…”

Section: Uhcmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Different research and developments have been dedicated to the improvements of biofuels due to the adverse effects of fossil fuel on the environment [130]. However, the straight use of biofuels in a bid to replace existing fossil fuels have encountered various operational challenges due to their physicochemical properties [123,[130][131][132]. These challenges have led to the improvements of biofuel blends and emulsions in order to produce the fuel with desired physicochemical properties.…”

Section: Algae Biofuel Blends and Emulsionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Fuel blends are developed as a result of improving the overall properties of the fuel, whereby different types of fuel are mixed together in different proportion to achieve a definite developmental purpose, mostly the overall engine performance [133]. Algae biodiesel can be blended with petroleum diesel and bioethanol or in some cases used as an additive [41,123,130,131], to a diesel fuel without the need to modify the existing engine [134]. Nagane and Choudhari [111] established the possibility of blending algae biodiesel with petroleum diesel.…”

Section: Algae Biofuel Blends and Emulsionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Algae biofuel: Current status and future applications

Adeniyi

Azimov

Burluka

2018

Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews

349

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An algal feedstock or biomass may contain a very high oil fraction, and thus could be used for the production of advanced biofuels via different conversion processes. Its major advantage apart from its large oil fraction is the ability to convert almost all the energy from the feedstock into different varieties of useful products. In the research to displace fossil fuels, algae feedstock has emerged as a suitable candidate not only because of its renewable and sustainable features but also for its economic credibility based on the potential to match up with the global demand for transportation fuels. Cultivating this feedstock is very easy and could be developed with little or even no supervision, with the aid of wastewater not suitable for human consumption while absorbing CO2 from the atmosphere. The overall potential for algae applications generally shows that this feedstock is still an untapped resource, and it could be of huge commercial benefits to the global economy at large because algae exist in millions compared to terrestrial plants. Algae applications are evident for everyday consumption via foods products, non-foods products, fuel, and energy. Biofuels derived from algae have no impact on the environment and the food supply unlike biofuels produced from crops. However, any cultivation method employed could control the operating cost and the technicalities involved, which will also influence the production rate and strain. The scope of this paper is to review the current status of algae as a potential feedstock with diverse benefit for the resolution of the global energy demand, and environmental pollution control of GHG.

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“…Between these points PN decreases by increasing the fuel oxygen. A recent publication attempted to explained the PN emission reduction corresponding to the fuel oxygen content [39]. Similar to PM, PN reduction is due to the presence of oxygen.…”

Section: Particle Number and Particle Size Distributionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of triacetin as a fuel additive to waste cooking biodiesel on engine performance and exhaust emissions

Zare

Nabi

Bodisco

et al. 2016

Fuel

112

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h i g h l i g h t sOxygen ratio was used instead of the equivalence ratio. Oxygen ratio decreases with engine load, but increases with engine speed. IMEP, BMEP, friction power, CO 2 , HC, PM and PN decreased with oxygenated fuels. BSFC, BTE and NOx increased with oxygenated fuels. Accumulation mode count median diameter decreased with oxygenated fuels. a b s t r a c tThis study investigates the effect of oxygenated fuels on engine performance and exhaust emission under a custom cycle using a fully instrumented 6-cylinder turbocharged diesel engine with a common rail injection system. A range of oxygenated fuels based on waste cooking biodiesel with triacetin as an oxygenated additive were studied. The oxygen ratio was used instead of the equivalence ratio, or air to fuel ratio, to better explain the phenomena observed during combustion. It was found that the increased oxygen ratio was associated with an increase in the friction mean effective pressure, brake specific fuel consumption, CO, HC and PN. On the other hand, mechanical efficiency, brake thermal efficiency, CO 2 , NOx and PM decreased with oxygen ratio. Increasing the oxygen content of the fuel was associated with a decrease in indicated power, brake power, indicated mean effective pressure, brake mean effective pressure, friction power, blow-by, CO 2 , CO (at higher loads), HC, PM and PN. On the other hand, the brake specific fuel consumption, brake thermal efficiency and NOx increased by using the oxygenated fuels. Also, by increasing the oxygen content, the accumulation mode count median diameter moved toward the smaller particle sizes. In addition to the oxygen content of fuel, the other physical and chemical properties of the fuels were used to interpret the behavior of the engine.

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Particle emissions from microalgae biodiesel combustion and their relative oxidative potential

Cited by 41 publications

References 58 publications

Screening Compounds for Fast Pyrolysis and Catalytic Biofuel Upgrading Using Artificial Neural Networks

Screening Compounds for Fast Pyrolysis and Catalytic Biofuel Upgrading Using Artificial Neural Networks

Algae biofuel: Current status and future applications

The effect of triacetin as a fuel additive to waste cooking biodiesel on engine performance and exhaust emissions

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