Particle Emissions from Domestic Gas Cookers

Glarborg, Peter; Livbjerg, Hans; Wagner, Ayten Yilmaz; Kristensen, Per G.

doi:10.1080/00102202.2010.486015

Cited by 18 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 74 publications

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“…Aerosol size distributions measured for breakfast and lunch preparations are very similar to those measured by other authors [29] for domestic gas cooker burning methane with the mode at about 10 nm, suggesting a negligible contribution from food (i.e., milk heating and rice boiling). As expected, for such measurements, the main contribution was due to methane burning, because of the negligible emissions deriving from the food.…”

Section: Figuresupporting

confidence: 69%

Ultrafine Particles in Residential Indoors and Doses Deposited in the Human Respiratory System

2015

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Indoor aerosol sources may significantly contribute to the daily dose of particles deposited into the human respiratory system. Therefore, it is important to characterize the aerosols deriving from the operations currently performed in an indoor environment and also to estimate the relevant particle respiratory doses. For this aim, aerosols from indoor combustive and non-combustive sources were characterized in terms of aerosol size distributions, and the relevant deposition doses were estimated as a function of time, particle diameter and deposition site in the respiratory system. Ultrafine particles almost entirely made up the doses estimated. The maximum contribution was due to particles deposited in the alveolar region between the 18th and the 21st airway generation. When cooking operations were performed, respiratory doses per unit time were about ten-fold higher than the relevant indoor background dose. Such doses were even higher than those associated with outdoor traffic aerosol.

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Section: Figuresupporting

confidence: 69%

Ultrafine Particles in Residential Indoors and Doses Deposited in the Human Respiratory System

2015

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“…Previous emission tests have shown that the nucleation mode particles emitted from residential home appliances using CNG mainly contain carbonaceous compounds, such as PAHs and oxygenated-PAHs. ,, The presence of the sulfur in the fuel has the potential to increase or decrease net particle emission depending on competing effects for different chemical components in the particles. , The majority of the sulfur in the fuel oxidizes to form gas-phase SO 2 with a small fraction forming sulfuric acid that increases particle emissions. SO 2 in the flame can oxidize soot particles leading to a reduction in particle emissions. ,, UFP emissions rates in the current appliance tests summarized in Figures b,c and generally follow a pattern with higher ER PN and ER PM associated with higher fuel sulfur content. Generally speaking, appliance ER PN and ER PM are higher for facility #2 biomethane (sulfur content = 2.8 ppm) and facility #1 biomethane (sulfur content = 2.4 ppm) and lower for pipeline CNG (sulfur content = 0.5 ppm) and facility #3 biomethane (sulfur content = 0.8 ppm).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The exact factors that influence UFPs emissions from natural gas combustion are not completely understood, but studies suggest that both carbonaceous materials in the fuel and trace impurities such as sulfur-containing compounds can contribute to UFP formation. , Natural gas contains percent-level concentrations of alkanes besides CH 4 (ethane, propane, butane, etc. ). , Hydrogen sulfide (H 2 S) is usually the major sulfur-containing compound in natural gas but sulfur-containing odorants are also added for safety . Switching from natural gas to biogas/biomethane changes the concentrations of these UFP precursors.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrafine Particle Emissions from Natural Gas, Biogas, and Biomethane Combustion

Xue

Peppers

et al. 2018

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Biogas and biomethane (=purified biogas) are major renewable fuels that play a pivotal role in the evolving global energy economy. Here, we measure ultrafine particle (UFP; D p (particle diameter) < 100 nm) emissions from the combustion of biomethane and biogas produced from five different representative sources: two food waste digesters, two dairy waste digesters, and one landfill. Combustion exhaust for each of these sources is measured from one or more representative sectors including electricity generation, motor vehicles, and household use. Results show that UFP emissions are similar when using biomethane and natural gas with similar sulfur and siloxane content. Approximately 70% of UFPs emitted from water heaters and cooking stoves were semivolatile, but 30% of the UFPs were nonvolatile and did not evaporate even under extremely high dilution conditions. Photochemical aging of biomethane combustion exhaust and natural gas combustion exhaust produced similar amounts of secondary organic aerosol (SOA) formation. The results of the current study suggest that widespread adoption of biogas and biomethane as a substitute for natural gas will not significantly increase ambient concentrations of primary and secondary UFPs if advanced combustion technology is used and the sulfur and siloxane content is similar for biogas/biomethane and natural gas.

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“…The gas jet is sprayed with a nozzle of diameter of 1,5 mm and then the air-NG mixture flows out through the holes around the burner cap. There are 20 holes in the form of rectangular slots and located on the outer ring of the burner head of 65.5 mm diameter [13], [14], [15] and [11].…”

Section: Experimental 211 System Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feasibility of Using CFD Analysis for Improving the Gas Hobs Performance In terms of Efficiency and Emissions

Amirabedin¹,

Anık²,

Karaduman³

2019

Proceedings of the 4th World Congress on Momentum, Heat and Mass Transfer

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This paper presents the feasibility of using Computational Fluid Dynamic (CFD) simulation for gas hobs design with the aim of improving the efficiency and emissions (CO and CO2) performances. CFD analysis of a hob including the combustion simulation can take notably long time considering that it shall be solved time dependent (transient). In this regard, a shortcut method based on comparison between different design/modifications of the model is developed to reduce the solving time. Combustion simulation was fulfilled for a quarter of a Candy Hoover Groups' hob with a semi rapid burner under the same laboratory conditions using FloEFD with Advanced Module for Combustion. For evaluation, distance changing between burner cap and pot bottom was studied. By increasing the distance, decreasing of the CO emission and the energy efficiency and increasing of the CO2 emission were observed. These results of CFD analysis are in excellent agreement with experimental results from laboratory tests. Therefore, this study reveals that CFD analysis can be reliably used in the gas hob design and optimization.

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Particle Emissions from Domestic Gas Cookers

Cited by 18 publications

References 74 publications

Ultrafine Particles in Residential Indoors and Doses Deposited in the Human Respiratory System

Ultrafine Particles in Residential Indoors and Doses Deposited in the Human Respiratory System

Ultrafine Particle Emissions from Natural Gas, Biogas, and Biomethane Combustion

Feasibility of Using CFD Analysis for Improving the Gas Hobs Performance In terms of Efficiency and Emissions

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