Particle-bound Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (pPAHs) in Merida, Mexico

Álvarez-Ospina, Harry; Giordano, Sofia; Ladino, Luis A.; Raga, G. B.; Muñoz-Salazar, Joshua I.; Leyte‐Lugo, Martha; Rosas, Daniel; Carabalí, Giovanni

doi:10.4209/aaqr.200245

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…Across recent decades, environmental pollution has been a global problem of great concern due to its detrimental effects on both human health and ecosystems. Anthropogenic activities have discharged a significant amount of pollutants into the environment, and the petroleum sector produces vast amounts of crude oil wastewater with significant pollution ( Mojiri et al, 2019 ; Olajire, 2020 ; Alvarez-Ospina et al, 2021 ). Numerous investigations have shown that toxic substances, such as aliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbons, phenolic compounds, heavy metals, their derivatives, and chemicals used in the de-emulsification process, are always present in crude oil discharge ( Trannum et al, 2011 ; Uzoekwe and Oghosanine, 2011 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhanced biodegradation of phenanthrene and anthracene using a microalgal-bacterial consortium

Hoque,

Alqahtani,

Sankaran

et al. 2023

Front. Microbiol.

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Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are chemicals that are released into the environment during activities of the petroleum industry. The bioaccumulation, carcinogenic and mutagenic potential of PAHs necessitates the bioremediation of these contaminants. However, bioremediation of PAHs has a number of limitations including the inability of a single microbe to degrade all of the PAH fraction’s environmental constituents. Therefore, a different paradigm, employing microalgal-bacterial consortium (MBC), may be used to effectively remove PAHs contaminants. In this type of interaction, the microalgae and bacteria species in the consortium work together in a way that enhances the overall performance of the MBC. Bacterial species in the consortium provide essential nutrients or growth factors by degrading toxic substances and provide these to microalgae, while the microalgae species provide organic carbon for the bacterial species to grow. For the first time, the ability of Gonium pectorale (G. pectorale) microalgae to break down phenanthrene (PHE) and anthracene (ANT) was investigated. Phenanthrene was shown to be more effectively degraded by G. pectorale (98%) as compared to Bacillus licheniformis (B. licheniformis) 19%. Similarly, G. pectorale has effectively degrade anthracene (98%) as compared with B. licheniformis (45%). The consortia of G. pectorale and B. licheniformis has shown a slight increase in the degradation of PHE (96%) and ANT (99%). Our findings show that B. licheniformis did not inhibit the growth of G. pectorale and in the consortia has effectively eliminated the PAHs from the media. Therefore G. pectorale has a tremendous potential to remove PAHs from the polluted environment. Future research will be conducted to assess Gonium’s capacity to eliminate PAHs that exhibit high molar masses than that of PHE and ANT.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhanced biodegradation of phenanthrene and anthracene using a microalgal-bacterial consortium

Hoque,

Alqahtani,

Sankaran

et al. 2023

Front. Microbiol.

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“…In addition to fixed sources of benzene and PAHs, practices such as burning solid wastes, incinerators, and crematories increase levels of carcinogens in the air. Studies have even reported particle-bound PAHs, possibly originating from burning fossil fuels and solid wastes (43).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia survival and spatial analysis of socio-environmental risks in Mexico

Calderon-Hernandez,

Jarquin-Yañez,

Reyes-Arreguin

et al. 2023

Front. Oncol.

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BackgroundAcute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) etiology remains largely unknown; incidence patterns by age, sex, and geographical distribution suggest a potential environmental role.AimTo identify ALL clusters from four contrasting urban areas of Mexico and to characterize the sources of environmental carcinogens.MethodsHospital-based ALL cases (n = 443) diagnosed in children <19 years old from the Metropolitan Zones of Merida and San Luis Potosi, the State of Mexico, and Tijuana were analyzed (2015–2020). ALL cases were coded according to the International Classification of Diseases for Oncology. ALL clusters were identified by Kernel Density, and excess risk was estimated. Data of particulate matter ≤2.5 µm (PM2.5) concentrations measured by community-monitoring stations were analyzed. Geocoded datasets of benzene, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, and PM2.5 sources were analyzed to characterize patterns of exposure in ALL clusters.ResultsThe survival rate for ALL ranged from 61.5% to 78.6%. Seven ALL clusters with excess risk (RR 1.4–2.3, p < 0.05) were identified. The carcinogen sources included artisanal brick kilns, gas stations, cement works, carpentry, paint, and chemical manufacturing establishments. PM2.5 levels ranged from 15 µg/m3 to 37 µg/m3 among study areas.ConclusionALL clusters were identified at the community level; the excess risk could be explained by small-scale carcinogen sources. The levels of PM2.5 in outdoor air ranged from 3 to 6 times above the World Health Organization (WHO) air quality guidelines. Healthcare providers must raise awareness of the increased risk of ALL in children living near sources of environmental carcinogens; cancer control and prevention strategies must be steered from a multi-sectoral and multi-action perspective to protect children’s health.

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“…The ambient PAHs generally existed in the form of vapor phase and particulate phase (Wang et al, 2011b;Zhang et al, 2013;Alvarez-Ospina et al, 2021). Fig.…”

Section: Accepted Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sources, Compositions, and Health Risks of PM2.5-bound PAHs at the Rural Area along with the “Coal to Gas” Law

Yue

Zhu

et al. 2023

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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The "Coal to Gas" (CTG) policy in north China markedly altered the characteristics of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in PM2.5. Existing researches about CTG impacts on components, sources, and health risks of PM2.5-bound PAHs mainly focused on metropolitan area, whereas they were lacking in rural area of north China. Here, we deployed an intensive observation in winter of 2020 at a rural site in the central area of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei (BTH) region. A positive matrix factorization (PMF) model and an incremental lifetime cancer risk (ILCR) model were utilized to examine the PAH sources and health risks. Higher daily average PM2.5 of 81.5 µg m -3 in the sampling period than 75 µg m -3 of the National Air Quality Standard Grade II indicated the air pollution in rural area was still serious. The total PAHs increased obviously from diurnal 86.2 ng m -3 to nocturnal 151 ng m -3 because of the nocturnal high intensity of heating, with the increases of 20.7%, 85.5%, and 76.3% for low, medium, and high molecular weight PAHs, respectively. Vehicular exhaust (VE), coal burning (CB), industrial source (IS), biomass burning (BB), and oil spill and leakages (OSL) were the main PAH contributors, with the average daily contributions of 32.7%, 21.5%, 18.3%, 15.9%, and 11.6%, respectively. Lower CC contribution of 27.6% in winter of 2020 than 27.6% in winter of 2019 indicated the positive role of CTG policy. However, the nocturnal CC fraction increased by 680% compared with the diurnal value, and CC had become the largest contributor in the nighttime. BB contribution was up to 18.3%, evidencing that biomass utility should be managed in term of the biomass burning was prohibited in BTH rural area.Moreover, the nocturnal average BaPeq equivalent concentration exhibited higher levels than those in the daytime. The nocturnal ILCR values of adults and children was 9.35×10 -6 and 2.66×10 -6 , exceeding the acceptable threshold, suggesting there was a potential carcinogenic risk.

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Particle-bound Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (pPAHs) in Merida, Mexico

Cited by 7 publications

References 64 publications

Enhanced biodegradation of phenanthrene and anthracene using a microalgal-bacterial consortium

Enhanced biodegradation of phenanthrene and anthracene using a microalgal-bacterial consortium

Childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia survival and spatial analysis of socio-environmental risks in Mexico

Sources, Compositions, and Health Risks of PM2.5-bound PAHs at the Rural Area along with the “Coal to Gas” Law

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