Particle Accumulation Rate of Drinking Water Distribution Systems Determined by Incoming Turbidity

Blokker, Mirjam; Schaap, Peter G.

doi:10.1016/j.proeng.2015.08.888

Cited by 16 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Multiple studies have shown that discolouration material in DWDS re-accumulates on pipe walls following flushing Cook and Boxall, 2011;Husband and Boxall, 2011;Blokker and Schaap, 2015). Repeated flushing studies conducted in the same DWDS pipes after periodic intervals (Husband and Boxall, 2011), showed that turbidity responses to each shear stress step increase was similar to initial trials.…”

Section: Discolouration Processesmentioning

confidence: 90%

Impact of hydraulic interventions on chronic and acute material loading and discolouration risk in drinking water distribution systems

2020

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This paper presents results from an intensive long term investigation in three comparable trunk mains and downstream impact of non-invasive, in-service flow conditioning to manage discolouration risk.Findings show that flow conditioning, the careful regular increase in flows to mobilise small amounts of material from cohesive layers formed at the pipe wall, provides immediate risk mitigation and system resilience benefits. Evidence is presented showing longer term risk reduction in the trunk mains and a 25% discolouration risk reduction in the downstream networks. Whilst the flow conditioning produced an acute but short duration controlled mobilisation of material from the trunk main, longer term downstream monitoring showed reduced chronic or background material loading.It is proposed this change is due to altering the material exchange behaviour and volumes bound within cohesive layers that develop on bulk water / infrastructure interfaces. The paper provides evidence that flow conditioning is an efficient strategy to manage discolouration risk and improve consumer water quality throughout water distribution systems.

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Section: Discolouration Processesmentioning

confidence: 90%

Impact of hydraulic interventions on chronic and acute material loading and discolouration risk in drinking water distribution systems

2020

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“…Turbidity is a measure of suspended material in the network and can be used to rapidly indicate water quality issues and contamination events (McCoy and Olsen 1986;Blokker and Schaap 2015). Although the composition of suspended material is not limited to iron and manganese, turbidity is strongly correlated with both (Seth et al 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The operational value of inlet monitoring at service reservoirs

Doronina

Husband

Boxall

et al. 2020

Urban Water Journal

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Drinking water quality leaving water treatment works is known to deteriorate as it makes its way through distribution networks. As deterioration rates are related to the condition of the network and how it is operated, it is important to determine the location and magnitude so that causes can be determined and effective maintenance implemented. Water quality is typically monitored at outlets of service reservoirs to help track changing water quality. However, these results do not confirm whether the issue is linked to the network between treatment and the service reservoir, the service reservoir itself, or both. The work in this paper investigates the value of using inlet monitoring at service reservoirs to overcome this limitation. Results show that monitoring at both the inlet and outlet of service reservoirs provides valuable information on asset performance and highlights the location and extent of deterioration helping inform cost-efficient resource provision.

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“…Although the pathways to discolouration and its occurrence are unavoidable, the magnitude or severity of discolouration and its frequency can be controlled through the optimisation of network design, maintenance and operations (Vreeburg 2010). One of many complementary approaches is to reduce or prevent particulates entering the WDS by mainly improving treatment processes, and by reducing external contamination in repairs and backflow from leaks (Blokker and Schaap 2015). For corroding metallic pipes, maintenance and rehabilitation (i.e.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although such an optimal scheduling tool does not yet exist, proac-tive flushing techniques have been proposed by making use of predictive tools for analysing risk of discolouration in prioritising flushing or determining flushing frequencies. For example, the resuspension potential method (RPM) (Vreeburg et al 2004), a practical measuring tool, has been used in the Netherlands to determine flushing frequencies (Blokker and Schaap 2015). First isolating a pipe, RPM determines the pipe's particle mobility and so discolouration risk by increasing flow velocity by 0.35m/s over a 5-15 minute period and monitoring turbidity levels.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Decreasing the Discoloration Risk of Drinking Water Distribution Systems through Optimized Topological Changes and Optimal Flow Velocity Control

Abraham

Blokker

Stoianov

2018

J. Water Resour. Plann. Manage.

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In this paper, a new mathematical framework is proposed for maximising the selfcleaning capacity (SCC) of drinking water distribution systems by controlling diurnal peak flow velocities in pipes under normal operation. This is achieved through an optimal change of the network connectivity (topology). We propose an efficient algorithm for network analysis of valve closures, which allows enforcing favourable changes in flow velocities for maximising the SCC by determining an optimal set of links to isolate in forming a more branched network, while satisfying hydraulic and regulatory pressure constraints at demand nodes. Multiple stochastic demands from an end-use demand model are generated to test the robustness in the improved SCC for the modified network connectivity under changing demand. We use an operational network model to demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed approach.

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Particle Accumulation Rate of Drinking Water Distribution Systems Determined by Incoming Turbidity

Cited by 16 publications

References 5 publications

Impact of hydraulic interventions on chronic and acute material loading and discolouration risk in drinking water distribution systems

Impact of hydraulic interventions on chronic and acute material loading and discolouration risk in drinking water distribution systems

The operational value of inlet monitoring at service reservoirs

Decreasing the Discoloration Risk of Drinking Water Distribution Systems through Optimized Topological Changes and Optimal Flow Velocity Control

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