Participatory Epidemiology to Assess Sarcoptic Mange in Serow of Taiwan

Chen, Chen‐Chih; Pei, Kurtis Jai-Chyi; Lai, Yu‐Ching; Mortenson, Jack A.

doi:10.7589/2011-07-189

Cited by 15 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…The attack rate was significantly higher in nursery teachers (risk ratio 42.1) compared to children (risk ratio 10.5) [14]. In another survey in Taiwan, the observed prevalence was 40% -80% in seven of the 19 interview districts [15]. Based on these data, the minimum estimated annual incidence of scabies in France was 328 cases per 100,000 persons [16].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Epidemiological Pattern of Scabies and Its Social Determinant Factors in West of Iran

Nazari¹,

Azizi²

2014

Health

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Objectives: Scabies has a different epidemiological distribution among different communities worldwide due to different social factors, management approaches and healthcare policies. The present study came to address outbreaks of scabies according to the social factors in west of Iran. Methods: In a cross-sectional study, using the census sampling method, all consecutive patients with the primary diagnosis of scabies based on clinical manifestations referred to healthcare center throughout the two great provinces of Hamadan and Kermanshah at western Iran between March 2006 and February 2010 were enrolled into the study. The baseline characteristics were collected from recorded files at the healthcare centers or by interviewing with the affected patients. Results: Among 3,625,966 subjects covered by the two studied provinces, 177 cases of scabies (170 cases in Kermanshah and 7 cases in Hamadan) were identified by medical staff at the healthcare centers according to clinical manifestations (85.3%) and laboratory microscopic assessments (14.7%). The highest and the lowest prevalence rates were specified to 2009 (58.2%) and 2008 (1.7%). Regarding gender distribution of disease, 53.1% of men and 46.9% of women suffered from scabies with no significant discrepancy. In respect to age distribution of disease, the highest rates of scabies were revealed in the ages ranged 17 to 30 years (31.6%), followed by younger than 17 years (30.5%). The prevalence of scabies was dependently associated with residency in rural areas, family history of scabies, lower educational level, household density, lower monthly income, low personal hygiene, the existence of livestock or rodents at home, seasonal conditions, and movement to contaminated areas. Conclusion: West region of Iran especially Kermanshah province faced with high prevalence and this high disease burden can be determined by some potential factors such as residency in rural areas, family history of scabies, lower educational level, household density, lower monthly income, low personal hygiene, the existence of livestock or rodents at home, seasonal conditions, and movement to contaminated areas.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Epidemiological Pattern of Scabies and Its Social Determinant Factors in West of Iran

Nazari¹,

Azizi²

2014

Health

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“…Obtained data can be validated by triangulation when information from diverse sources is collected. This method has been successfully applied to the surveillance of sarcoptic mange, a disease characterized by typical macroscopic skin lesions [33,34], and to document an epidemic of an alopecic syndrome associated with deer ked ( Lipoptena cervi ) infestation in Norwegian moose ( Alces alces ) [35]. Participatory approaches and triangulation have also been used to record interspecific interactions that may enable pathogen transmission [24,36,37].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wildlife health investigations: needs, challenges and recommendations

2013

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In a fast changing world with growing concerns about biodiversity loss and an increasing number of animal and human diseases emerging from wildlife, the need for effective wildlife health investigations including both surveillance and research is now widely recognized. However, procedures applicable to and knowledge acquired from studies related to domestic animal and human health can be on partly extrapolated to wildlife. This article identifies requirements and challenges inherent in wildlife health investigations, reviews important definitions and novel health investigation methods, and proposes tools and strategies for effective wildlife health surveillance programs. Impediments to wildlife health investigations are largely related to zoological, behavioral and ecological characteristics of wildlife populations and to limited access to investigation materials. These concerns should not be viewed as insurmountable but it is imperative that they are considered in study design, data analysis and result interpretation. It is particularly crucial to remember that health surveillance does not begin in the laboratory but in the fields. In this context, participatory approaches and mutual respect are essential. Furthermore, interdisciplinarity and open minds are necessary because a wide range of tools and knowledge from different fields need to be integrated in wildlife health surveillance and research. The identification of factors contributing to disease emergence requires the comparison of health and ecological data over time and among geographical regions. Finally, there is a need for the development and validation of diagnostic tests for wildlife species and for data on free-ranging population densities. Training of health professionals in wildlife diseases should also be improved. Overall, the article particularly emphasizes five needs of wildlife health investigations: communication and collaboration; use of synergies and triangulation approaches; investments for the long term; systematic collection of metadata; and harmonization of definitions and methods.

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“…37 In Taiwan, there were only two cases of wild Formosan serows (Capricornis swinhoei) infested with Sarcoptes scabiei and Chorioptic texanus reported in 2007. 38 In the present study, lingual capillariasis due to Trichinelloidea (Capillariiadae) infestation was diagnosed in four TWFBs. Trichinelloidea infestation was also observed in the skin of one TWFB and one SCV.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 56%

Disease Surveillance in Rescued and Road-Killed Wild-Ranging Carnivores in Taiwan

et al. 2015

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The objective of this study was to investigate the causes of death and potential diseases carried by the wild-ranging carnivores in Taiwan through a government-supported disease survey program. During the period of August 2011 to January 2015, a total of 51 carcasses from rescued but dead or road-killed carnivores were necropsied for histopathology, molecular and immunological assays, microbiology, and parasitology. The cases included 31 Taiwan ferret badgers (TWFBs) (Melogale moschata subaurantiaca), 12 masked palm civets (MPCs) (Paguma larvate taivana), 5 small Chinese civets (SCCs) (Viverricula indica pallida), and 3 crab-eating mongooses (CEMs) (Herpestes urva). Zoonotic rabies and fatal canine distemper were diagnosed in four TWFBs and three MPCs, respectively. A high prevalence rate of lungworm infestation (23/31; 74.2%) was observed in TWFBs. In addition, a unique fatal Staphylococcus hyicus pneumonia and a fatal heavy systemic sarcopic mange infestation were diagnosed in a TWFB and a suckling MPC kid, respectively. Road tra±c accidents and stray dog-associated killing were the most common etiologies for the death of wild-ranging carnivores.

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Participatory Epidemiology to Assess Sarcoptic Mange in Serow of Taiwan

Cited by 15 publications

References 0 publications

Epidemiological Pattern of Scabies and Its Social Determinant Factors in West of Iran

Epidemiological Pattern of Scabies and Its Social Determinant Factors in West of Iran

Wildlife health investigations: needs, challenges and recommendations

Disease Surveillance in Rescued and Road-Killed Wild-Ranging Carnivores in Taiwan

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