Participation of Women in STEM Higher Education Programs in Latin America: The Issue of Inequality

Contreras-Ortiz, Sonia H.; Villla-Ramírez, Jose Luis; Osorio-Delvalle, Cristina; Ojeda-Caicedo, Vilma

doi:10.18687/laccei2020.1.1.368

Cited by 12 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…These results contrast with those obtained in analogous studies, but with students, carried out in other regions, which present clear gender gaps favoring males in Engineering (Peña et al, 2022). They also contrast with the low rate of females' access to higher degrees in science and technology in Latin America (Contreras-Ortiz, 2020;Holanda & Da-Silva, 2022).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 97%

Impact of the covid-19 pandemic on the use of ICT tools in science and technology education

Antón‐Sancho

Fernández‐Arias

Vergara

2023

J. Technol. Sci. Educ.

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This article analyzes the self-concept about digital competence in university professors of Sciences, Health Sciences and Engineering and the impact that the COVID-19 pandemic has had on the Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) use habits of professors in these areas. For this purpose, a survey designed by the authors was completed by 340 university professors in the aforementioned areas. Based on the answers obtained from this survey, a descriptive quantitative analysis of the assessments of the self-concept of digital competence and training of the participants, of the didactic use of ICT and the frequency of their use before and after the pandemic has been carried out. The results showed that the digital competence of the professors is intermediate, but their training is valued as low, especially in Sciences and Health Sciences. The assessment of ICT is very good. The pandemic has caused a generalized increase in the use of ICT, mainly in Health Sciences, which is the area in which university students were most reluctant to use them. In addition, a gender gap which did not exist before the pandemic has been generated favoring females in the use of ICT in Science and Engineering. An age-based digital gap that existed before the pandemic has also been corrected in Health Sciences.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 97%

Impact of the covid-19 pandemic on the use of ICT tools in science and technology education

Antón‐Sancho

Fernández‐Arias

Vergara

2023

J. Technol. Sci. Educ.

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“…Some authors believe that, in fact, the digitization of teaching and learning processes in higher education in Latin America and the Caribbean has typically been marked by a gender gap that puts female professors at a disadvantage [ 39 ]. This gap stems from cultural stereotypes strongly established in the societies of the region, according to which there is a precise definition of gender roles [ 40 ]. Since the technological and digital domain is classically attributed to men, this gender gap penalizes women in terms of access to technologies and training in the use of these technologies, both before and after the pandemic [ 41 , 42 , 43 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Digital Pandemic Stress in Higher Education in Venezuela

Antón‐Sancho

Vergara

Medina

et al. 2022

EJIHPE

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The COVID-19 pandemic had a great impact on the process of integrating digital technologies in higher education and caused digital stress among professors, mainly in countries with a lower level of digitalization. In this work, quantitative research was carried out on the stress of professors in Venezuela due to the digitalization of their teaching activities caused by the pandemic, and gender gaps were identified in this regard. This digital stress was compared with that of professors in other countries with a low level of digitalization. For this purpose, a questionnaire designed by the authors was used. The questionnaire was distributed to a sample of 129 Venezuelan professors and 132 professors from countries with low digitalization levels. As a result, it was found that Venezuelan professors have lower digital competence and lower digital stress than their colleagues in weakly digitized countries, and that digital stress decreases as digital competence increases. Moreover, among Venezuelan professors, there was a strong gender gap in digital stress, which was higher among females in all subject areas, except for Health Sciences. This gender gap is specific to Venezuela since it differs from that in countries with low digital levels. According to the results, we urgently recommend investing resources in the digital training of faculty members, especially in regards to the integration of female professors.

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“…Among the self-declared women respondents, a smaller proportion (28%) occupy chief officer or higher rank positions (i.e., director) within their organizations, compared to men (37%) ( Figure 4B ), and a lower proportion of women were leaders of research groups performing genetic assessments (40%) compared to men (51%) ( Figure 4C ). Gender gaps and differences in science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM) have been widely described and studied worldwide ( World Economic Forum, 2023 ), and also in Latin America ( García-Holgado et al, 2020 ; Osorio-delvalle et al, 2020 ; Lappe et al, 2021 ; Braverman-Bronstein et al, 2023 ). Significant progress has been made during recent decades in Latin America to improve gender equality in STEM ( García-Holgado et al, 2019 ; Mosquera and Rodríguez, 2023 ), and although some countries are doing well in advancing towards reducing the gender gap ( World Economic Forum, 2023 ), there is still much room for improvement.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding the conservation-genetics gap in Latin America: challenges and opportunities to integrate genetics into conservation practices

Napolitano,

Clavijo,

Rojas-Bonzi

et al. 2024

Front. Genet.

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Introduction: Integrating genetic data into conservation management decisions is a challenging task that requires strong partnerships between researchers and managers. Conservation in Latin America is of crucial relevance worldwide given the high biodiversity levels and the presence of hotspots in this region.Methods: We conducted a survey across Latin America to identify gaps and opportunities between genetic researchers and conservation managers. We aimed to better understand conservation managers’ points of view and how genetic research could help conservation practitioners to achieve their goals, by implementing genetic assessments that could effectively inform conservation practices. We distributed an online survey via four regional collaborating organizations and 32 focal points based in 20 Latin American countries. The target respondents were conservation managers of species or areas in Latin America.Results: We collected a total of 468 answered questionnaires from 21 Latin American countries. Most respondents (44%) were from an academic or research institution while non-academics were mainly from non-governmental institutions (30%) and government agencies (25%). Most respondents (65%) have performed or used genetic assessments in their managed area or species, either alone, in partnership, contracting someone else or using published results. For the majority of this group, the genetic results were relevant to their conservation management goals, helping to inform management decisions. Respondents that had not performed genetic assessments (35%) were mainly from the non-academic group, and their main barriers were limited access to funds, genetic lab facilities, and trained personnel to design studies and conduct lab work.Discussion: From the findings, we describe the current situation and provide a general diagnosis of the conservation-genetics gap in Latin America. We describe the gender gap, academic-practitioner co-development of conservation questions and projects, and the nationality and residency of Latin American conservation managers in relation to the countries where they work. We discuss opportunities to co-create research questions and co-develop studies based on conservation practitioners’ needs. We offer recommendations for overcoming barriers to integrate genetic information into conservation actions, and advance agendas that fit the needs and realities of the highly heterogeneous, biodiverse and challenging Latin American region.

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Participation of Women in STEM Higher Education Programs in Latin America: The Issue of Inequality

Cited by 12 publications

References 4 publications

Impact of the covid-19 pandemic on the use of ICT tools in science and technology education

Impact of the covid-19 pandemic on the use of ICT tools in science and technology education

Digital Pandemic Stress in Higher Education in Venezuela

Understanding the conservation-genetics gap in Latin America: challenges and opportunities to integrate genetics into conservation practices

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