Participation of Eosinophils in Immunological Systems

Colley, Daniel G.; James, Stephanie

doi:10.1007/978-1-4684-0988-8_2

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 122 publications

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“…Recently it has been shown that inhalation of ovalbumin aerosol significantly promoted the production of specific IgE in mice [31]. The massive participation of eosinophils, observed by us and others in allergic guinea pigs after challenge with the aerosolized specific antigen, speaks also for an IgE-mediated reaction [14,16,49,60], Anyway, the histological changes we found are identical with those occurring in human type I aller gic asthma. Their model character seems to us to be well established, despite the uncertainty concerning the antibody class mediating them and the nonpersistent, time-limited course of the allergic sensitization in guinea pigs.…”

Section: IIsupporting

confidence: 73%

Experimental Asthma in Guinea Pigs Revisited

Kallós¹,

Kallós²

1984

Int Arch Allergy Immunol

101

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Experimental asthma in guinea pigs, as defined in 1937 by Kallós and Pagel, and the pertinent literature are reviewed. The relation between guinea pig asthma and human asthma bronchiale is established. The underlying mechanism in both processes is the misdirected (aberrant) formation of anaphylactic or reaginic (IgE) antibody against innocuous antigens, leading at renewed exposure to the antigen to release of mast cell mediators (such as histamine, SRS-A, eosinotactic peptides, PAF), bronchoconstriction, vasodilation and eosinophilic inflammation at the sites of antigen-antibody reactions in the tissues of the respiratory organs.

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Section: IIsupporting

confidence: 73%

Experimental Asthma in Guinea Pigs Revisited

Kallós¹,

Kallós²

1984

Int Arch Allergy Immunol

101

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“…Alternatively, the polyvalent AES reagent could be exerting its influence on egg pathology by a cross-reacting or contaminating reaction with other (noneosinophil) inflammatory cells or their precursors. It should also be noted that in our experiments, the absence of eosinophils in anti-IL-5-treated mice had no effect on the viability of embryos within the eggs contained in granulomas as determined by microscopic examination (data not shown) although the in vitro toxicity of eosinophils for eggs is well documented (6,9). This discrepancy in the in vivo and in vitro findings may reflect the capacity of other (noneosinophil) cells to limit egg viability within granulomas.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 52%

“…In addition to IL-5, a number of mediators have been identified that either stimulate eosinophil differentiation in bone marrow cultures or promote migration of the cells in vitro. These agents include interleukin 3, granulocytemacrophage colony-stimulating factor, eosinophil chemotactic factor of anaphylaxis (ECF-A), ESP, and the complement activation products C3a and C5a (9,26). Nevertheless, it is only very recently that direct in vivo evidence has been obtained for a role ofone ofthe above substances in helminthinduced eosinophilia.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Interleukin 5 is required for the blood and tissue eosinophilia but not granuloma formation induced by infection with Schistosoma mansoni.

Sher

Coffman²,

Hieny³

et al. 1990

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

211

129

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Eosinophils are thought to play a major role in the immunobiology of schistosomiasis. To investigate the immunologic basis of the eosinophil response and directly assess the function of eosinophils in egg-induced pathology, mice infected with Schistosoma mansoni were injected with a monoclonal antibody produced against interleukin 5 (IL-5), a cytokine previously shown to stimulate eosinophil differentiation in vitro. This treatment suppressed the generation of eosinophil myelocyte precursors in the bone marrow and reduced to background levels the numbers of mature eosinophils in the marrow, in circulation, and within acute schistosome egg granulomas. Nevertheless, granulomas in the anti-IL-5-treated/eosinophil-depleted mice at 8 weeks of infection were only marginally smaller than those in animals injected with control monoclonal antibody, and hepatic fibrosis was comparable in the two groups. Additional parameters such as worm burden, egg output, and serum IgE levels were unaltered by the anti-IL-5 treatment. In contrast, infected animals injected with monoclonal antibody against y interferon (IFN-y) displayed circulating eosinophil levels that were elevated with respect to control mice, possibly because ofan enhanced release of mature eosinophils from the marrow, and developed egg granulomas that were indistinguishable in size and cellular composition from those in control animals. Immunologic assays revealed that lymphocytes from acutely infected mice produce large quantities of IL-5 but minimal IFN-y when stimulated with either egg antigen or mitogen. Taken together, these results indicate that neither IL-5 nor eosinophils are essential for egg-induced pathology but suggest that lymphocytes that belong to the IL-S-producing TH2 subset predominate during acute infection and may induce granuloma formation by the production of other cytokines.

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“…The striking eosinophil depletion observed in T. canisinfected C57BL/6 mice in this study following treatment with anti-IL-5 antibodies demonstrates that this cytokine has a major role in regulating eosinophilia in larval toxocariasis. IL 5 has been shown to regulate bone marrow eosinophilopoiesis and eosinophil differentiation (Sanderson, Campbell & Young 1988) and the absence of eosinophilia following parasitic infection of athymic hosts has been interpreted as indicating that eosinophilia is a T cell-dependent immune process (Colley & James 1979). However, in the case of toxocariasis, athymic mice, and mice depleted of functional T cells by treatment with antilymphocyte sera, develop blood and tissue eosinophilia following infection with T. canis larvae (Kayes & Oaks 1980, Sugane & Oshima 1982, 1983.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibody to interleukin 5 prevents blood and tissue eosinophilia but not liver trapping in murine larval toxocariasis

Parsons

Coffman²,

Grieve

1993

Parasite Immunology

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Mice previously sensitized by infective-stage larvae of the canine nematode, Toxocara canis, trap large numbers of challenge larvae within the liver; trapped larvae are found within eosinophilic granulomas. To investigate the role of eosinophils in this phenomenon we examined larval trapping in mice depleted of blood and tissue eosinophils by treatment with a monoclonal antibody (MoAb) (TRFK-5) produced against recombinant murine interleukin 5 (rmIL-5). Control mice received either an isotype-matched control MoAb or PBS. On day 0 test mice were given a sensitization dose of 125 infective T. canis eggs. Test and challenge control mice received 500 infective eggs on day 28. All mice were killed on day 42 and larval numbers within the liver were determined. Liver samples were also collected for histopathological and morphometric examination. When compared to test mice treated with PBS or the isotype control, the level of circulating eosinophils in anti-IL-5-treated test mice was reduced by 94-96% on days 14 and 27, 99% on day 35, and 100% on day 42; the level of tissue eosinophils within liver granulomas on day 42 was reduced by 92-95%. The total area of inflammation within the liver was similar among all test groups. However, the highly eosinophilic infiltrates, present in control sections, were replaced in anti-IL-5-treated mice by lymphocytes, macrophages, and foreign-body giant cells. No difference was found in larval trapping between antibody-treated groups. These findings suggest that the eosinophil is not necessary for liver trapping in murine larval toxocariasis.

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Participation of Eosinophils in Immunological Systems

Cited by 7 publications

References 122 publications

Experimental Asthma in Guinea Pigs Revisited

Experimental Asthma in Guinea Pigs Revisited

Interleukin 5 is required for the blood and tissue eosinophilia but not granuloma formation induced by infection with Schistosoma mansoni.

Antibody to interleukin 5 prevents blood and tissue eosinophilia but not liver trapping in murine larval toxocariasis

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