Participation and performance trends in short-, medium, and long-distance duathlon

Turnwald, Jonas; Sousa, Caio Victor; Andrade, Marília Santos; Thuany, Mabliny; Čuk, Ivan; Nikolaidis, Pantelis Theodoros; Weiss, Katja; Knechtle, Beat

doi:10.1038/s41598-023-36050-2

Cited by 2 publications

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The Neglected Category of Sub-elite Athletes in Ironman Triathlon: Participation, Performance, and Implications for Fitness Assessment

Sousa,

Hoyos,

Buesgens

et al. 2024

Preprint

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This descriptive study aimed to identify sub-elite athletes using a performance-based mathematical model and analyze their performance trends by age and sex using 20 years of Ironman® triathlon (IM) performance data. It includes data from athletes who competed in IM from 2002 to 2022. A sub-elite category of athletes was identified within the age group category as one standard deviation from the elite group of each race. Information about the event, event year, age, sex, swimming time, cycling time, running time, and overall time were analyzed. Regression models and the less significant difference were estimated. Sub-elite athletes represent an average of 6.8% of all athletes in each event, whereas elite athletes represent an average of 2%. Sub-elite athletes are mainly represented by athletes between 30 and 39 years of age, whereas general age groups are mainly represented by athletes between 35 and 44 years old. Performance trends throughout the years showed that sub-elite and elite have been improving their overall performance throughout the years regardless of sex. However, age groups show an overall stable average performance throughout the years. Additionally, the performance across all groups exhibited statistically significant differences (p < 0.005), consistent with the anticipated trend of elite, sub-elite, and age groups. In summary, sub-elite triathletes were younger than the overall age of IM triathletes, and during the last two decades improved their performance. These findings highlighted the distinct profile of sub-elite triathletes that should be considered by coaches for training and testing purposes.

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The Neglected Category of Sub-elite Athletes in Ironman Triathlon: Participation, Performance, and Implications for Fitness Assessment

Sousa,

Hoyos,

Buesgens

et al. 2024

Preprint

Self Cite

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The Effects of a Simulated Duathlon on Trunk Motion: A Sensor Based Approach

Evans,

James

2024

Applied Sciences

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Duathlon consists of two durations of running separated by cycling in a format similar to triathlon. The addition of cycling and the associated loadings on the neuromuscular system can modify spatiotemporal variables in running including trunk motion, which can impact running economy. Changes to trunk motion can be inferred by measuring accelerations of the centre of mass (CoM). However, there is scarce research into trunk dynamics in duathlon. Therefore, the aim of this study was to use an inertial sensor (an accelerometer) to compare acceleration magnitudes of the trunk in the vertical, mediolateral, and anteroposterior directions during a simulated field-based duathlon. Specifically, running performance and magnitudes of trunk acceleration were compared pre and post a cycling load. Ten well-trained duathletes (seven males, three females (mean ± SD; age: 31.1 ± 3.4 years; body mass: 70.9 ± 6.9 kg; body height: 177 ± 5.82 cm; 9.45 ± 1.7 weekly training hours per week; 9.15 ± 5.2 years training experience)) completed a 5 km run performed at a self-selected pace (described as moderate intensity) prior to 20 km of continuous cycling at four varied cadence conditions. This was immediately followed by a 2.5 km run. Mean completion times for the final 2.5 km in running pre-cycling (4.03:05 ± 0.018) compared to the 2.5 km in running post-cycling (4.08:16 ± 0.024) were significantly different. Regarding trunk acceleration, the largest difference was seen in the vertical direction (y axis) as greater magnitudes of acceleration occurred during the initial 1 km of running post-cycling combined with overall significant alterations in acceleration between running pre- and post-cycling (p = 0.0093). The influence of prior cycling on trunk acceleration activity in running likely indicates that greater vertical and mediolateral trunk motion contributes to decremental running performance. In future, further advanced simulation and analysis could be performed in ecologically valid contexts whereby multiple accelerometers might be used to model a more complete set of dynamics.

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Participation and performance trends in short-, medium, and long-distance duathlon

Cited by 2 publications

References 50 publications

The Neglected Category of Sub-elite Athletes in Ironman Triathlon: Participation, Performance, and Implications for Fitness Assessment

The Neglected Category of Sub-elite Athletes in Ironman Triathlon: Participation, Performance, and Implications for Fitness Assessment

The Effects of a Simulated Duathlon on Trunk Motion: A Sensor Based Approach

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