Participação Comunitária Na Preservação De Praias Para Reprodução De Quelônios Na Reserva De Desenvolvimento Sustentável Mamirauá, Amazonas, Brasil

Abstract

At Mamirauá Sustainable Development Reserve, river turtles are exploited by local traditional populations for decades. The nadequate use of this resource caused a striking decrease of the natural populations. Podocnemis expansa was the most affected species, followed by P. unifilis and P. sextuberculata. As a consequence, environmental authoryties introduced legal regulation, asm means to protect the most exploited species. At Mamirauá Reserve, the first step tow ards the participation of local population in the preservation of turtles was taken at the IV General Assembly of Mamirauá, where representatives of the nine sectors of villages that make Mamirauá Focal Area listed nesting beaches, and each sector selected at least one of them to be fully protected. In 1998 were recorded 272 nests at Horizonte beach: 261 of P. sextuberculata, 5 of P. unifilis and 6 of P. expansa; at Pirapucu beach 306 nests were recorded: 298 of P. sextuberculata and 8 of P. unifilis. Community participation can provide not only local political support, and lower costs for garding and enforcement of conservation rules, but also assures preservation of várzea biodiversity and maintenance of an important food item of local importance.

Assessing the sustainability of yellow anaconda (Eunectes notaeus) harvest in northeastern Argentina

“…The rst concern in the implementation of an anaconda management program is the gathering of biological data, due to the cryptic nature of snakes 11 . Traditionally, data on population size and structure are rst obtained, either by direct counting or by using abundance indexes, so that hunting rates can be de ned 11,19,[23][24][25] . However, this traditional approach was considered unrealistic for managing yellow anacondas 11 , the Programa Curiyú performed a pilot study of regional anaconda biology to de ne which parameters were important to guide the program under the adopted adaptive management approach 29,34 .…”

“…In some cases, as for the Central American river turtle Dermatemys mawii, the laws and regulations for the management of the species are simply ignored by locals 22 . But in most cases, the sustainable use of Neotropical reptiles has been considered viable, as is the case of the river turtles Podocnemis expansa and P. uni lis 3,23,24 , caiman species (Melanosuchus niger, Caiman crocodilus 19 , C. yacare 25 , and C. latirostris 26,27 ), lizards (Salvator merianae and S. rufescens 28 ), and snakes (Boa constrictor 9 , yellow anaconda Eunectes notaeus 29,30 ). Functional management plans for these species bene t local communities via the sustainable use that results from their implementation.…”

Phallus eversion sexing in Phrynops geoffroanus (Testudines: Chelidae): a new non-invasive approach

“…The sexing of species is a necessary condition to acknowledge the population and its health condition. It allows us to know the sex ratio, and also allows us to propose conservationist measures integrating the technical knowledge generated by wildlife protection agencies to the popular knowledge of communities using turtles as a source of resources (Ferrara et al, 2016;Molina, 1992Molina, , 1998Silveira et al, 2012;Stein et al, 2015;Terán, 2008). In the case of tortoises and turtles, sexing is based on morphometry (Garbin et al, 2016;Gibbons and Lovich, 1990;Mosimann and Bider, 1960;Solla et al, 2001) mainly when it comes to the aspect of the plastron, and its concavity in males (Molina, 1992).…”

Assessing the sustainability of yellow anaconda (Eunectes notaeus) harvest

“…Nevertheless, examples of Neotropical reptiles being successfully managed are available, as is the case for the river turtles Podocnemis expansa and P . unifilis [ 16 , 28 ], caimans ( Melanosuchus niger , Caiman crocodilus ) [ 24 ], C . yacare [ 29 ], and C .…”