Partially hydrolyzed guar gum supplement reduces high-fat diet increased blood lipids and oxidative stress and ameliorates FeCl3-induced acute arterial injury in hamsters

Abstract

Increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) and hyperlipidemia can promote arterial thrombus. We evaluated the potential of a partially hydrolyzed guar gum (PHGG) as dietary fiber on lipid profiles and FeCl 3 -induced arterial thrombosis in the high fat-diet fed hamsters. Our in vitro results found that PHGG is efficient to scavenge O 2 -•, H 2 O 2 , and HOCl. High fat-diet increased plasma triglyceride, total cholesterol, LDL, VLDL, methylguanidine and dityrosine level and accelerated FeCl 3 -induced arterial thrombosis formation (from 463 ± 51 to 303 ± 45 sec). Low dose PHGG supplement significantly decreased the total cholesterol, LDL, methylguanidine and dityrosine level and delayed the time for arterial thrombosis formation (528 ± 75 sec). High dose PHGG supplement decreased the level in triglyceride, total cholesterol, LDL and VLDL and further delayed the time for arterial thrombus (671 ± 36 sec). The increased Bax protein and decreased Bcl-2 and HSP-70 protein expression was found in the carotid and femoral arteries of high fat-diet hamsters. Low and high dose of PHGG supplement decreased Bax expression and increased Bcl-2 and HSP-70 protein expression. We found that FeCl 3 significantly enhanced intercellular adhesion molecule-1 and 4-hydroxynonenal expression in the endothelial site of damaged artery after 150-sec FeCl 3 stimulation. PHGG supplement decreased the endothelial ICAM-1 and 4-hydroxynonenal expression after 150-sec FeCl 3 stimulation. Based on these results, we conclude that PHGG supplement can increase antioxidant protein expression and thus decrease oxidative stress induced arterial injury.

Repetitive progressive thermal preconditioning hinders thrombosis by reinforcing phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt-dependent heat-shock protein/endothelial nitric oxide synthase signaling

“…The rat model of topical ferric chloride (FeCl 3 )-induced carotid artery or femoral artery thrombosis (peripheral artery occlusive diseases) has been used extensively to assess the antithrombotic activities of test agents. 4,8 To easily monitor blood flow and obtain larger tissue sampling, we selected a carotid artery thrombosis model. We placed a flow probe (Probe 0.5VBB517, Transonic Systems, Inc, Ithaca, NY) in the left carotid artery for measurement of arterial blood flow in the anesthetized rats.…”

“…[1][2][3] Locally exaggerated vascular ROS decrease the bioavailability of nitric oxide (NO), impair vascular relaxation, and increase leukocyte or platelet adhesion and aggregation in injured vessels. 3,4 ROS can increase fractalkine chemokine (C-X3-C motif) ligand 1 (CX3CL1) and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) expressions on injured endothelium, attract fractalkine receptor (CX3CR1)-expression inflammatory cells to the inflamed area, 5 and provoke atherosclerosis and vascular inflammation. 6 Increased ROS may induce endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress to trigger cellular apoptosis 7 and overexpress proapoptotic p53 to trigger endothelial apoptosis and vascular dysfunction.…”

<b><i>Monascus Adlay</i></b> and Monacolin K Attenuates Arterial Thrombosis in Rats through the Inhibition of ICAM-1 and Oxidative Stress

“…Locally vascular ROS formation inhibited the bioavailability of nitric oxide (NO), impaired vascular relaxation, and increased leukocytes, platelets and fibrin adhesion to and aggregation in injured vessels [23,24]. ROS can increase fractalkine (CX3CL1) and ICAM-1 expressions on injured endothelium, attract fractalkine receptor (CX3CR1)-expression inflammatory cells to the inflamed area, and provoke atherosclerosis and vascular inflammation [25].…”

Multifunctional Ingredient Dietary Supplement for Management of Hyperglycemic and Hypercholesterolemic Therapy of Diabetes

“…Kuo et al [27] have reported that dietary supplementation with PHGG in hamsters fed with high unsaturated fat diet reduced plasma cholesterol and lipid profiles. Other researchers found that PHGG supplementation decreased cholesterol and lipid levels, thus it has a potential to prevent hypertension and cardiovascular diseases [28][29][30].…”