The thiolating agent, N-acetyl homocysteine thiolactone, reacts with the primary amino groups of proteins to introduce the A'-acetyl homocysteinyl residue. The appearance of sulfhydryl groups during the thiolation of ribonuclease, as well as of S-carboxymethylhomocysteinyl and S-carboxymethyleysteinyl residues after reaction of the thiolated protein with iodoacetate, indicated close to three N-acetyl homocysteinyl residues added per average molecule of protein after prolonged reaction. Chromatographic examination on CM-cellulose, however, showed the presence of a slow-forming component containing five .ZV-acetyl homocysteinyl residues, while other components were less ex-