Partial Genetic Deletion of Klotho Aggravates Cardiac Calcium Mishandling in Acute Kidney Injury

Abstract

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is associated with an elevated risk of cardiovascular major events and mortality. The pathophysiological mechanisms underlying the complex cardiorenal network interaction remain unresolved. It is known that the presence of AKI and its evolution are significantly associated with an alteration in the anti-aging factor klotho expression. However, it is unknown whether a klotho deficiency might aggravate cardiac damage after AKI. We examined intracellular calcium (Ca2+) handling in native ventricular isolated cardiomyocytes from wild-type (+/+) and heterozygous hypomorphic mice for the klotho gene (+/kl) in which an overdose of folic acid was administered to induce AKI. Twenty-four hours after AKI induction, cardiomyocyte contraction was decreased in mice with the partial deletion of klotho expression (heterozygous hypomorphic klotho named +/kl). This was accompanied by alterations in Ca2+ transients during systole and an impairment of sarco/endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase (SERCA2a) function in +/kl mice after AKI induction. Moreover, Ca2+ spark frequency and the incidence of Ca2+ pro-arrhythmic events were greater in cardiomyocytes from heterozygous hypomorphic klotho compared to wild-type mice after AKI. A decrease in klotho expression plays a role in cardiorenal damage aggravating cardiac Ca2+ mishandling after an AKI, providing the basis for future targeted approaches directed to control klotho expression as novel therapeutic strategies to reduce the cardiac burden that affects AKI patients.

Is there a role in acute kidney injury for FGF23 and Klotho?

“…Interestingly, the heart contraction was decreased in +/kl mice. Those mice also showed a dysregulation in Ca 2 + transients in systole and an disarrangement of sarco/endoplasmic reticulum Ca 2+ -ATPase, resulting in pro-arrhythmic events [ 44 ]. These recent findings might validate the effect of the decreased levels of Klotho in inflammation, oxidative stress, mitochondria abnormalities and finally cellular senescence, and its potential therapeutic utility in AKI setting [ 45 ].…”