Partial Empty Sella Syndrome: A Case Report and Review

Abstract

Empty sella syndrome is a damaged pituitary gland. Either the gland has shrunk or has been crushed and flattened making it look like an empty sella on MRI scan. The reported prevalence of primary empty sella in general population is 8-35 %. The incidence is more in females, the ratio being 5:1. It is generally found in middle aged women who are obese and hypertensive.

Empty Sella and Sagittal Sinus Thrombosis in a Woman with Subaortic Stenosise

“…Hypertension (IH) and main symptoms are headaches, seizures, and hemiparesis; major neuroimaging signs are brain edema, cerebral hematoma and subarachnoid hemorrhage [1][2][3][4][5]. Secondary IH (SIH) may be due to tumor, infection, obstruction of CSF flow, and arteriovenous fistula [1][2][3][6][7][8][9][10].…”

“…Secondary IH (SIH) may be due to tumor, infection, obstruction of CSF flow, and arteriovenous fistula [1][2][3][6][7][8][9][10]. CVT cab be confirmed by images of triangle and empty delta signs, and loss of flow void [1,10,11].…”

“…CVT cab be confirmed by images of triangle and empty delta signs, and loss of flow void [1,10,11]. CVTs are less common than arterial thromboses, but under diagnosis occur without imaging evaluations; arterial stroke and other benign and malignant disorders are differential diagnosis [1][2][3].…”

“…The sella turcica may be partially or totally filled with cerebrospinal fluid and the hypophysis is compressed; in cases of shrinking or flattening of the gland, Magnetic Resonance (MR) study can show the sella appearing totally or partially empty -the empty sella syndrome [3,4,[6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13]. This condition may be related to SIH or Idiopathic IH (IIH), but the gland volume has no correlation with Intracranial Pressure (ICP) [3,4,9].…”

“…This condition may be related to SIH or Idiopathic IH (IIH), but the gland volume has no correlation with Intracranial Pressure (ICP) [3,4,9]. IIH (or pseudotumor cerebri), affects up to 35% of population, mainly middle aged obese and hypertensive women (5:1 compared to men) [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10]12].…”