Partial discharge detection with on-chip spiral inductor as a loop antenna

Abstract

In this paper, a pioneer partial discharge (PD) loop antenna sensor is presented and examined. It is made of a 70-turn square planar inductor with a side length of 1.8 mm, which is fabricated on top of a silicon substrate in complementary metal oxide semiconductor technology. The microsensor ability to detect corona PD is demonstrated once connected in series with a 60 dB gain amplifier. The behavior is studied at different separation distances from the line through which the PD pulses flow. At 5 cm away, a damped sinusoidal induced voltage with an amplitude of about 100 mV has been measured. The output signal spectrum is highly concentrated around a central resonance frequency of ∼5 MHz. The microsensor response is compared with those of other industrial sensors from Techimp, i.e., horn antennas and high-frequency current transformer sensors. The presented on-chip sensor can be considered a non-intrusive competing solution compared with other heavy and expensive commercial sensors due to its lightweight, compact size, and low cost. In addition, it shows an acceptable signal to noise ratio compared with other commercial electromagnetic wave-based sensors.

Application of Nanofluid Electrochemistry in Heat Dissipation of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors

“…(2) In the nanofluid convective heat transfer system, the experimental system is shown in Figure 1, which is divided into a working fluid circulation system, data acquisition system, constant temperature heating system, and cooling and heat dissipation system. After the nanofluid is heated to the temperature required for the experiment in the constant temperature tank, it enters the car radiator for cooling through the driving force of the circulating pump, and the cooled nanofluid re-enters the constant temperature tank for heating, thus completing the entire loop [13].…”

PCB-Based Planar Inductive Loops for Partial Discharges Detection in Power Cables

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“…Loop antennas (or magnetic loops) are a type of radio antenna that do not need to be parallel to the ground connection and can operate in open space at close range to the monitored equipment [ 24 ], though ideally, their response is maximum when installed parallel to the EM wave propagation direction. Due to their closed design, the antennas are primarily sensitive to the magnetic field and may function in near- or far-field situations depending on the circumstances [ 25 ].…”

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“…The electrical parameters of the equivalent electrical circuit are calculated as follows [16][17][18]; (17) tgap is the spacing between primary and secondary coils, relative permittivity of Si3N4 equals to 6.…”

“…They demonstrated that the overall average error between the measured and proposed numerical model results was less than 5%. [17] presented a dimensioning and thermal modelling of a multilayer capacitor at low temperature cofired ceramic intended to be inserted in a low voltage converter. [18] performed a detailed study for designing an integrated structure with a dual-layer microtransformer model associated with two layers of magnetic cores.…”