Parthenogenesis in Cockroaches1

Roth, Louis M.; Willis, Edwin R.

doi:10.1093/aesa/49.3.195

Cited by 54 publications

(52 citation statements)

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“…It has been also reported that the preoviposition period of unmated females is longer than that of mated females. Fertilized females of the cockroach P. americana produced their first oothecae 13 days after emergence, while unfertilized females produced their first oothecae 25 days after emergence (Roth and Willis, 1956). Similarly, the preoviposition period of unmated females is nearly three times longer than that of mated females in the facultatively parthenogenetic cockroach Nauphoeta cinerea .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…In most of facultatively parthenogenetic species, the viability of parthenogenetic offspring is much less than that of sexually produced offspring. In the facultatively parthenogenetic cockroach Periplaneta americana, hatching rate of unfertilized eggs is 40.5%, which is about half that of fertilized eggs (Roth and Willis, 1956). Among rice grasshoppers, hatching rates of unfertilized eggs are 17.8% in Oxya japonica, 10.4% in O. chinensis formosana and 5.4% in O. yezoensis (Zhu and Ando, 1998).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Facultative parthenogenesis is widespread among Polyneoptera, especially in cockroaches (Roth and Willis, 1956;, grasshoppers (Pardo et al, 1995;Zhu and Ando, 1998) and walking sticks (Law and Crespi, 2002). Yet few species are particularly fecund when reproducing parthenogenetically.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Among rice grasshoppers, hatching rates of unfertilized eggs are 17.8% in Oxya japonica, 10.4% in O. chinensis formosana and 5.4% in O. yezoensis (Zhu and Ando, 1998). Parthenogenetic offspring often take longer to develop (Roth and Willis, 1956;Lamb and Willey, 1979;. A longer time for embryo development has been reported in the locust Locusta migratoria (Pardo et al, 1995).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Size, hatching rate, and hatching period of sexually and asexually produced eggs in the facultatively parthenogenetic termite Reticulitermes speratus (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae)

Matsuura

Kobayashi

2007

Appl. Entomol. Zool.

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Facultative parthenogenesis, or condition-dependent alternation of sexual and asexual reproduction, is widespread in animals. Parthenogenesis enables unmated females to reproduce and thus has a great adaptive significance, especially under low pairing efficiency. In the termite Reticulitermes speratus Kolbe, females that fail to pair with males found colonies cooperatively with partner females and reproduce parthenogenetically. We compared the quality of parthenogenetic and sexual eggs in terms of size, hatching rate, and hatching period. We developed a method to culture isolated eggs until hatching under sterile conditions and in appropriate humidity. We successfully isolated, sterilized, and maintained the eggs on agar plates containing 200 ppm tetracycline. Females of female-female (FF) pairs began to lay eggs at the same time as those of female-male (FM) pairs. Nevertheless, the parthenogenetic eggs were significantly larger than sexual eggs. While the two types of eggs had similar hatching rates, parthenogenetic eggs had longer hatching periods (36.36Ϯ0.16 [SE] days) than sexual eggs (34.95Ϯ0.12 SE). We conclude that primary queens invest more resources into each parthenogenetic egg than each sexual egg, and that parthenogenetic eggs are as viable as sexual eggs.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Size, hatching rate, and hatching period of sexually and asexually produced eggs in the facultatively parthenogenetic termite Reticulitermes speratus (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae)

Matsuura

Kobayashi

2007

Appl. Entomol. Zool.

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“…Goldschmidt 1917;Roth and Willis 1956;Goto 1960;Nur 1971;Kurup and Prabhoo 1977;Corley and Moore 1999;Kramer and Templeton 2001;Matsuura and Nishida 2001;Ball 2002) and represents a promising model system to understand the evolutionary significance of genetic systems (Normark 2003). In particular, these species can provide insights into whether the different reproductive modes reflect an adaptive response to varying environmental conditions and/or life-history strategies (see Hadany and Otto 2007;Cáceres et al 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Facultative sex and reproductive strategies in response to male availability in the spiny stick insect, Extatosoma tiaratum

Schneider

Elgar

2010

Aust. J. Zool.

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Abstract. Facultative thelytoky, in which females can reproduce both sexually and asexually, offers a promising model system to understand the evolutionary significance of sex, by providing insights into whether the different reproductive modes reflect an adaptive life-history response to varying environmental conditions. Females of the spiny stick insect, Extatosoma tiaratum, can reproduce both sexually or asexually. We show that virgin females signal their reproductive state: males respond to signals produced by virgin females that have not commenced ovipositing, but fail to respond to ovipositing virgin females. Virgin females reared under different social environments varied their reproductive output: virgin females reared in the absence of males laid more eggs over a seven-day period than virgin females reared in the presence of males. The reproductive output of mated females over a seven-day period was higher than that of virgin females. These data suggest that female E. tiaratum adjust several life-history strategies in conjunction with facultative thelytoky.

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Constraints on the evolution of asexual reproduction

Engelstädter

2008

BioEssays

162

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Sexual reproduction is almost ubiquitous among multicellular organisms even though it entails severe fitness costs. To resolve this apparent paradox, an extensive body of research has been devoted to identifying the selective advantages of recombination that counteract these costs. Yet, how easy is it to make the transition to asexual reproduction once sexual reproduction has been established for a long time? The present review approaches this question by considering factors that impede the evolution of parthenogenesis in animals. Most importantly, eggs need a diploid chromosome set in most species in order to develop normally. Next, eggs may need to be activated by sperm, and sperm may also contribute centrioles and other paternal factors to the zygote. Depending on how diploidy is achieved mechanistically, further problems may arise in offspring that stem from 'inbreeding depression' or inappropriate sex determination systems. Finally, genomic imprinting is another well-known barrier to the evolution of asexuality in mammals. Studies on species with occasional, deficient parthenogenesis indicate that the relative importance of these constraints may vary widely. The intimate evolutionary relations between haplodiploidy and parthenogenesis as well as implications for the clade selection hypothesis of the maintenance of sexual reproduction are also discussed.

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Parthenogenesis in Cockroaches1

Cited by 54 publications

References 0 publications

Size, hatching rate, and hatching period of sexually and asexually produced eggs in the facultatively parthenogenetic termite Reticulitermes speratus (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae)

Size, hatching rate, and hatching period of sexually and asexually produced eggs in the facultatively parthenogenetic termite Reticulitermes speratus (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae)

Facultative sex and reproductive strategies in response to male availability in the spiny stick insect, Extatosoma tiaratum

Constraints on the evolution of asexual reproduction

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