Part-time workers and economic expansion: comparing the 1980s and 1990s with U.S. state data

Partridge, Mark D.

doi:10.1007/s101100200120

Cited by 3 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…Their slightly different conclusions are reconciled by related evidence that the labour supply of singles is considerably less elastic than the labour supply of married persons (Heckman 1993). Partridge (2003) examined how part‐time workers in the US responded to economic growth in 1980s and 1990s. He found a smaller response of the involuntary part time rate to job growth during the 1990s than the 1980s possibly caused by the increased low skilled labour supply from the welfare reform.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regional welfare program and labour force participation

Huffman¹,

Kilkenny²

2007

Papers in Regional Science

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Welfare program dependency and expenditures rise during recessions, while income tax revenues from working people fall. Thus, now that states are responsible for their own welfare programs, they need to know how responsive their citizens are to workplace and safety net opportunities. This paper investigates household welfare program and labor force participation behavior. A choice-theoretic model is developed and estimated for each of the four census regions (Northeast, Midwest, South, and West) using cross-sectional data on households, labor markets, and policies. We show that household responses to welfare program parameters do differ regionally. But we find that labor supply does not depend on welfare program participation or program payoffs. Furthermore, unlike under the previous welfare program, participation in Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) does not significantly reduce household labor supply. The finding of significant differences across regions justifies the efficiency rationale for the devolution of authority to the states. We also discuss how states may be able to contain expenditures on welfare programs. supply. The finding of significant differences across regions justifies the efficiency rationale for the devolution of authority to the states. We also discuss how states may be able to contain expenditures on welfare programs.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regional welfare program and labour force participation

Huffman¹,

Kilkenny²

2007

Papers in Regional Science

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“…The Bureau of Labor Statistics also reported that typist, word processor, stenographer and statistical clerk were declining occupations (Silvestri and Lukasiewicz, 1989). Partridge (2003) conducted research on clerical employment in the early 1980s, which coincided with the market introduction of microprocessors. The rationale for the study was that clerical jobs, at the time, were considered among the most numerous entry opportunities for young workers, disadvantaged workers and those just entering the labor market.…”

Section: Labor Transitions In the Era Of The Personal Computer – Muddied Watersmentioning

confidence: 99%

AI’s path to the present and the painful transitions along the way

García‐Murillo

MacInnes

2019

DPRG

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Purpose Artificial intelligence (AI) is likely to have a significant impact on work. It will enhance, but also displace, some professions. This paper aims to look retrospectively at the impact that previous revolutionary computing technologies have had and the institutional values that have shaped the way workers were affected. Design/methodology/approach This historical investigation relies on academic, government and trade publications of earlier periods in the development of computer technology. The analysis relies on the literature on institutional economics to understand societal outcomes. Within this framework, this paper explores both the ceremonial values associated with tradition and the instrumental values associated with the pursuit of knowledge. Findings The AI revolution, like previous technological evolutions, will go through stages. Initial implementations will suffer from failures that will, however, generate employment; but, as the technology improves, the AI revolution is likely to enhance productivity but displace workers. Up to this point, the US Government has not been able to respond adequately to the challenge. This paper attributes this to the ceremonial values that public officials and society entertain about personal responsibility and small government. Practical implications Given the differences in values, this study recommends fending off negative effects though education but also experimenting with other solutions at the local level. Originality/value Through the lens of history, this study provides a glimpse of what may happen. It also provides a framework that helps understand the outcomes of earlier technological revolutions.

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“…Recent literature indicates that involuntary PT employment is more sensitive to the business cycle development than voluntary PT employment. This may be explained by the domination of labour demand factors (Buddelmeyer et al, 2008, Brender and Gallo, 2008, Partridge, 2003. Using the pooled cross-sectional US data Partridge (2003) established that the share of voluntary PT employment tends to be pro-cyclical, as opposed to the involuntary PT employment rate, which moves in the same direction as the unemployment rate, suggesting that these two labour market states share some common features.…”

Section: Determinants Of Part-time Employment and The Effect Of Businmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This may be explained by the domination of labour demand factors (Buddelmeyer et al, 2008, Brender and Gallo, 2008, Partridge, 2003. Using the pooled cross-sectional US data Partridge (2003) established that the share of voluntary PT employment tends to be pro-cyclical, as opposed to the involuntary PT employment rate, which moves in the same direction as the unemployment rate, suggesting that these two labour market states share some common features. However, the author shows that the rate of involuntary PT employment tends to be less sensitive to the job growth than the unemployment rate, indicating that involuntary PT workers can face even greater difficulties in finding fulltime positions than unemployed workers.…”

Section: Determinants Of Part-time Employment and The Effect Of Businmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…6 Despite the importance of this issue, research on the behaviour of PT employment over the economic cycle is still rather scarce. Several exceptions are Buddelmeyer et al (2008) or Partridge (2003), Blank (1990) and Ratti (1991) who examined the US data and revealed a countercyclical behaviour of the involuntary PT employment rate. Further, Kjeldstad and Nymoen (2012) revealed significantly different effects of economic fluctuations on underemployment between women and men in Norway.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Part-time Employment and Business Cycle in Central and Eastern Europe

Fialová

2017

Review of Economic Perspectives

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This article explores the development of part-time employment in Central and Eastern Europe and compares it to Western Europe. On the macro level it examines the role of the business cycle and its effect on part-time employment in the two groups of countries since 2001. The key result reveals that contrary to the West, the business cycle development exerts a significant negative effect on the part-time employment rate in Eastern Europe. When the economy operates below its potential, part-time employment tends to grow more than full-time employment. This finding is consistent with the labour demand effect and reflects the pursuit of flexibility by firms as well as the adjustment in composition of employment to changing economic conditions. The countercyclical effect is even stronger for involuntary part-time employment. Separate analyses of individual demographic groups of workers reveal a significant negative effect of the business cycle on part-time employment of older workers and male prime-age workers in Eastern Europe. In contrast, the effect is insignificant for young workers and unclear for prime-age women.

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Part-time workers and economic expansion: comparing the 1980s and 1990s with U.S. state data

Cited by 3 publications

References 16 publications

Regional welfare program and labour force participation

Regional welfare program and labour force participation

AI’s path to the present and the painful transitions along the way

Part-time Employment and Business Cycle in Central and Eastern Europe

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