Paroxysmal tonic upgaze of childhood—a review

Ouvrier, Robert; Billson, Frank A.

doi:10.1016/j.braindev.2004.02.016

Cited by 77 publications

(66 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…There is a striking analogy between some of the neurological symptoms observed in PTU, BPTI and EA2, as illustrated in our family, and as suggested by some authors [3,11]. Our family and the linkage to CACNA1A mutation provide definite clues for the speculated relation between these disorders in some families and support the hypothesis of a shared physiopathological mechanism: these disorders can be included to the large group of the channelopathies.…”

supporting

confidence: 70%

“…PTU is characterized by episodes lasting a few hours of constant or variably sustained conjugate upward deviation of the eyes, with neck flexion and sometimes truncal ataxia [10,11]. BPTI is characterized by recurrent epiodic paroxysmal neurological manifestations whose clinical description is consistent with the diagnosis of PTU (patient II-5, III-6), BPTI (III-10) or episodic ataxia (II-5, II-8, III-5, III-11); one patient displayed both paroxysmal tonic upgaze during infancy and episodic ataxia from his teens (patient III-5, whose initial symptoms were reported by Echenne) [3].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Benign paroxysmal tonic upgaze, benign paroxysmal torticollis, episodic ataxia and CACNA1A mutation in a family

et al. 2008

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supporting

confidence: 70%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Benign paroxysmal tonic upgaze, benign paroxysmal torticollis, episodic ataxia and CACNA1A mutation in a family

et al. 2008

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“…Tonic activity has been seen in other neurological conditions, such as paroxysmal tonic upgaze of childhood in which the pathophysiology is uncertain but has been associated with dorsal lesions in the brain stem. 8,9 Seizures also produce tonic upgaze deviation, 8 but our patient did not have clinical or electrographic evidence of seizure activity. Although a rostral brain stem lesion causing downgaze paresis was an initial consideration, our patient did not have corticospinal long tract findings and recovered rapidly from his bilateral upward gaze deviation without neurological residua.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Transient Tonic Upgaze Deviation

Lankford

Butler

2012

J Child Neurol

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Acute cerebellitis in children is an inflammatory syndrome with symptoms of cerebellar dysfunction. We describe a 3-year-old boy with acute cerebellitis who had cerebellar tonsillar herniation, hydrocephalus, and transient tonic bilateral upward gaze deviation. Although no etiology for his acute cerebellitis was determined, he fully recovered with high-dose corticosteroids, intravenous immunoglobulin, and antimicrobial therapy. We propose that there was tonic irritation of the upward gaze generator cells in the superior colliculus as an explanation for temporary disturbance of his ocular gaze.

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“…However, this may also be a benign phenomenon. Transitory tonic downward eye deviation, skew deviation and intermittent opsoclonus may be observed in normal newborns [12]. Among the acquired gaze palsies those caused by tuberculous meningitis are quite frequent in endemic areas [13].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Horizontal Tonic Conjugate Gaze Deviation in a 4-Week-Old Infant: What Can the Eyes (of the Parents) Tell?

Gadoth

Benni²,

Constantini³

et al. 2015

Pediatr Neurosurg

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A 4-week-old healthy infant failed to make eye contact when approached from the left. When evaluated by us at the age of 11 weeks, left tonic conjugate gaze deviation was noted. Brain MRI showed a left frontotemporal large tension arachnoid cyst causing right falcial herniation. During the insertion of an Ommaya reservoir, hemosiderin was found to be coating the inner wall of the cyst, which may indicate that the asymptomatic cyst evolved to a tension cyst due to spontaneous hemorrhage. Surgical decompression resulted in complete restoration of the horizontal gaze and considerable reduction in the size of the cyst. After 3 months a cystoperitoneal shunt was placed due to increased intracranial pressure secondary to impaired drainage of the cyst. Since then the infant has done well, with normal developmental and neurological examination during his last follow-up at the age of 5 years. Although gaze central ocular motor control is still underdeveloped and chaotic eye movements are present during early infancy, the present case report reminds us that a thorough examination of eye movements should not be overlooked during neurodevelopmental evaluation.

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Paroxysmal tonic upgaze of childhood—a review

Cited by 77 publications

References 12 publications

Benign paroxysmal tonic upgaze, benign paroxysmal torticollis, episodic ataxia and CACNA1A mutation in a family

Benign paroxysmal tonic upgaze, benign paroxysmal torticollis, episodic ataxia and CACNA1A mutation in a family

Transient Tonic Upgaze Deviation

Horizontal Tonic Conjugate Gaze Deviation in a 4-Week-Old Infant: What Can the Eyes (of the Parents) Tell?

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