Paroxysmal Nocturnal Dystonia Presenting as Excessive Daytime Somnolence

Excessive Daytime Sleepiness and Subjective Sleep Quality in Patients with Nocturnal Frontal Lobe Epilepsy: A Case‐Control Study

“…Two case reports (Oldani et al, 1998b; Nobili et al, 2003) described three patients with several seizures per night with EDS diagnosed according to the ESS scale (scores ranging from 12 to 18), with remission of EDS after successful drug (Oldani et al, 1998b) or surgical (Nobili et al, 2003) treatment of epilepsy. Moreover, Maccario and Lustman (1990) found a pathological level of EDS diagnosed by MSLT (mean sleep latency < 5 min) in two out of four patients. One of these reverted to normal MSLT values after treatment with valproate.…”

“…Nocturnal frontal lobe epilepsy (NFLE) (Oldani et al, 1998a; Provini et al, 1999), characterized by complex motor behavior during sleep, could be a model to investigate the influence of sleep fragmentation induced by nocturnal seizures on daytime vigilance. Daytime sleepiness‐related symptoms and disturbed sleep quality have been reported in these patients (Peled and Lavie, 1986; Maccario and Lustman, 1990; Oldani et al, 1996, 1998a, 1998b; Schwalen and Jorg, 1998; Zucconi et al, 2000; Nobili et al, 2003), but without application of validated tools for measurement of sleepiness and comparison with healthy subjects.…”

Excessive Daytime Sleepiness and Subjective Sleep Quality in Patients with Nocturnal Frontal Lobe Epilepsy: A Case‐Control Study

“…Two case reports (Oldani et al, 1998b; Nobili et al, 2003) described three patients with several seizures per night with EDS diagnosed according to the ESS scale (scores ranging from 12 to 18), with remission of EDS after successful drug (Oldani et al, 1998b) or surgical (Nobili et al, 2003) treatment of epilepsy. Moreover, Maccario and Lustman (1990) found a pathological level of EDS diagnosed by MSLT (mean sleep latency < 5 min) in two out of four patients. One of these reverted to normal MSLT values after treatment with valproate.…”

“…Nocturnal frontal lobe epilepsy (NFLE) (Oldani et al, 1998a; Provini et al, 1999), characterized by complex motor behavior during sleep, could be a model to investigate the influence of sleep fragmentation induced by nocturnal seizures on daytime vigilance. Daytime sleepiness‐related symptoms and disturbed sleep quality have been reported in these patients (Peled and Lavie, 1986; Maccario and Lustman, 1990; Oldani et al, 1996, 1998a, 1998b; Schwalen and Jorg, 1998; Zucconi et al, 2000; Nobili et al, 2003), but without application of validated tools for measurement of sleepiness and comparison with healthy subjects.…”

Nocturnal paroxysmal dystonia due to a subfrontal cortical dysplasia

“…Likewise, the 1990 classification of sleep disorders included NPD within the parasomnias [1]. Other authors also concluded that this condition could not be an epileptic disorder [13‐15], some stressing the evidence militating in favor of a parasomnia, similar to night terrors [5, 16]. A psychogenic explanation for this condition was also advanced [17].…”

Sleep related hyper motor epilepsy (SHE): a unique syndrome with heterogeneous genetic etiologies

“…Seizure frequency in SHE patients can be very high, ranging from one to more than 50 attacks per night (Scheffer et al 1994;Provini et al 1999) and paroxysmal arousals or minor motor events may be even more frequent. SHE patients can complain of nocturnal sleep disruption with spontaneous midsleep awakening, sleep inertia in the morning, tiredness at awakening and excessive sleepiness (Peled and Lavie 1986;Maccario and Lustman 1990;Schwalen and Jorg 1998;Zucconi et al 2000;Alanis-Guevara et al 2005) impacting negatively on their quality of life. Although daytime sleepinessrelated symptoms could be common in SHE patients, the frequency of excessive daytime sleepiness did not statistically differ compared to controls (Vignatelli et al 2006).…”

Excessive Daytime Sleepiness and Subjective Sleep Quality in Patients with Nocturnal Frontal Lobe Epilepsy: A Case‐Control Study

“…Two case reports (Oldani et al, 1998b; Nobili et al, 2003) described three patients with several seizures per night with EDS diagnosed according to the ESS scale (scores ranging from 12 to 18), with remission of EDS after successful drug (Oldani et al, 1998b) or surgical (Nobili et al, 2003) treatment of epilepsy. Moreover, Maccario and Lustman (1990) found a pathological level of EDS diagnosed by MSLT (mean sleep latency < 5 min) in two out of four patients. One of these reverted to normal MSLT values after treatment with valproate.…”

“…Nocturnal frontal lobe epilepsy (NFLE) (Oldani et al, 1998a; Provini et al, 1999), characterized by complex motor behavior during sleep, could be a model to investigate the influence of sleep fragmentation induced by nocturnal seizures on daytime vigilance. Daytime sleepiness‐related symptoms and disturbed sleep quality have been reported in these patients (Peled and Lavie, 1986; Maccario and Lustman, 1990; Oldani et al, 1996, 1998a, 1998b; Schwalen and Jorg, 1998; Zucconi et al, 2000; Nobili et al, 2003), but without application of validated tools for measurement of sleepiness and comparison with healthy subjects.…”

Nocturnal paroxysmal dystonia due to a subfrontal cortical dysplasia

“…Likewise, the 1990 classification of sleep disorders included NPD within the parasomnias [1]. Other authors also concluded that this condition could not be an epileptic disorder [13‐15], some stressing the evidence militating in favor of a parasomnia, similar to night terrors [5, 16]. A psychogenic explanation for this condition was also advanced [17].…”

Sleep related hyper motor epilepsy (SHE): a unique syndrome with heterogeneous genetic etiologies

“…Seizure frequency in SHE patients can be very high, ranging from one to more than 50 attacks per night (Scheffer et al 1994;Provini et al 1999) and paroxysmal arousals or minor motor events may be even more frequent. SHE patients can complain of nocturnal sleep disruption with spontaneous midsleep awakening, sleep inertia in the morning, tiredness at awakening and excessive sleepiness (Peled and Lavie 1986;Maccario and Lustman 1990;Schwalen and Jorg 1998;Zucconi et al 2000;Alanis-Guevara et al 2005) impacting negatively on their quality of life. Although daytime sleepinessrelated symptoms could be common in SHE patients, the frequency of excessive daytime sleepiness did not statistically differ compared to controls (Vignatelli et al 2006).…”

Excessive Daytime Sleepiness and Subjective Sleep Quality in Patients with Nocturnal Frontal Lobe Epilepsy: A Case‐Control Study

“…Two case reports (Oldani et al, 1998b; Nobili et al, 2003) described three patients with several seizures per night with EDS diagnosed according to the ESS scale (scores ranging from 12 to 18), with remission of EDS after successful drug (Oldani et al, 1998b) or surgical (Nobili et al, 2003) treatment of epilepsy. Moreover, Maccario and Lustman (1990) found a pathological level of EDS diagnosed by MSLT (mean sleep latency < 5 min) in two out of four patients. One of these reverted to normal MSLT values after treatment with valproate.…”

“…Nocturnal frontal lobe epilepsy (NFLE) (Oldani et al, 1998a; Provini et al, 1999), characterized by complex motor behavior during sleep, could be a model to investigate the influence of sleep fragmentation induced by nocturnal seizures on daytime vigilance. Daytime sleepiness‐related symptoms and disturbed sleep quality have been reported in these patients (Peled and Lavie, 1986; Maccario and Lustman, 1990; Oldani et al, 1996, 1998a, 1998b; Schwalen and Jorg, 1998; Zucconi et al, 2000; Nobili et al, 2003), but without application of validated tools for measurement of sleepiness and comparison with healthy subjects.…”

Nocturnal paroxysmal dystonia due to a subfrontal cortical dysplasia

“…Likewise, the 1990 classification of sleep disorders included NPD within the parasomnias [1]. Other authors also concluded that this condition could not be an epileptic disorder [13‐15], some stressing the evidence militating in favor of a parasomnia, similar to night terrors [5, 16]. A psychogenic explanation for this condition was also advanced [17].…”

Sleep related hyper motor epilepsy (SHE): a unique syndrome with heterogeneous genetic etiologies

“…Seizure frequency in SHE patients can be very high, ranging from one to more than 50 attacks per night (Scheffer et al 1994;Provini et al 1999) and paroxysmal arousals or minor motor events may be even more frequent. SHE patients can complain of nocturnal sleep disruption with spontaneous midsleep awakening, sleep inertia in the morning, tiredness at awakening and excessive sleepiness (Peled and Lavie 1986;Maccario and Lustman 1990;Schwalen and Jorg 1998;Zucconi et al 2000;Alanis-Guevara et al 2005) impacting negatively on their quality of life. Although daytime sleepinessrelated symptoms could be common in SHE patients, the frequency of excessive daytime sleepiness did not statistically differ compared to controls (Vignatelli et al 2006).…”