Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation: Dynamics of The Main Antioxidant Enzymes - Superoxide Dismutase and Catalase

Negreva, Мariya; Penev, A.; Georgiev, Svetoslav; Aleksandrova, Albena A.

doi:10.2478/folmed-2014-0014

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 20 publications

(13 reference statements)

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“…Postoperative AF has been reported to occur in 15-50% of patients with cardiac surgery [23, 24] and 10-42% with thoracic surgery [25,26], suggesting that these two specific cohorts might have a higher incidence of AF compared with the general ICU population. The incidence range in our study (12.6%) is higher than previously thought (4-9%) [27], possibly due to the aging population and the development of more complex medical comorbidities.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 71%

Triggers of Atrial Fibrillation in the Geriatric Medical Intensive Care Unit: An Observational Study

et al. 2023

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Background: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a common arrhythmia in the non-cardiac intensive care unit (ICU). However, data concerning AF incidence and predictors in such populations are scarce and controversial. The study aimed to investigate the contributing factors of newonset AF in elderly patients within the medical intensive care setting.Methods: Patients admitted to ICU during a 6-month period were prospectively studied. Patients admitted for short period postoperative monitoring and patients with chronic or paroxysmal AF were excluded. The conditions involved as AF risk factors or "triggers" from demographic data, history, and echocardiography were recorded. Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II score was calculated. Electrolytes including some trace elements (zinc, copper, and magnesium) were analyzed. Results:The study included 142 patients (49% females). Mean age was 69.5 ± 7.3 years. AF was observed in 12%. Diagnosis of pneumonia (P < 0.001), low copper (P < 0.0001) and low zinc levels (P < 0.0001) was significantly associated with the occurrence of AF. By multivariate analysis, they remained statistically significant (odds ratio, 7.0; 95% confidence interval, 2.0 -24.6; P < 0.01).Conclusions: A significant fraction of ICU elderly patients manifests AF. The relevant factors contributing to AF incidence in the elderly are pneumonia and low zinc and low copper.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 71%

Triggers of Atrial Fibrillation in the Geriatric Medical Intensive Care Unit: An Observational Study

et al. 2023

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“…In another study, paroxysmal atrial fibrillation was characterized by significantly increased activity in SOD and CAT, therefore changes in oxidative status are closely correlated to CVD (39). Increased oxidative stress in human end-stage HF may lead to specific rearrangement of catalase gene expression as a compensatory mechanism (41). In a previous study, no differences were seen in terms of superoxide dismutase activity, although glutathione peroxidase activity was lower in the atrial fibrillation (AF) group (42).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Evaluation of Oxidative Stress, Apoptosis, and Expression of MicroRNA-208a and MicroRNA-1 in Cardiovascular Patients

Mohammadi¹,

Karami²,

Mashtani³

et al. 2021

rbmb.net

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Background: MicroRNA expression signature and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production have been associated with the development of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). This study aimed to evaluate oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis, and the expression of miRNA-208a and miRNA-1 in cardiovascular patients. Methods: The study population included four types of patients (acute coronary syndromes (ACS), myocardial infarction (MI), arrhythmia, and heart failure (HF)), with 10 people in each group, as well as a control group. Quantitative real-time PCR was performed to measure mir-208 and miR-1 expression, the mRNAs of inflammatory mediators (TNFα, iNOS/eNOS), and apoptotic factors (Bax and Bcl2). XOX, MDA, and antioxidant enzymes (CAT, SOD, and GPx) were measured by ZellBio GmbH kits by an ELISA Reader. Results: The results showed significant decreases in the activity of antioxidant enzymes (CAT, SOD, and Gpx) and a significant increase in the activity of the MDA and XOX in cardiovascular patients. Significant increases in IL-10, iNos, iNOS / eNOS, and TNF-α in cardiovascular patients were also observed. Also, a significant increase in the expression of miR-208 (HF> arrhythmia> ACS> MI) and a significant decrease in the expression of miR-1 (ACS> arrhythmia> HF> MI) were found in all four groups in cardiovascular patients. Conclusions:The results showed increases in oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptotic factors, and in the expression of miR-208a in a variety of cardiovascular patients (ACS, MI, arrhythmia, and HF). It is suggested that future studies determine the relationships that miR-1, miR-208, and oxidative stress indices have with inflammation and apoptosis.

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“…Moreover, this difference was maintained 24 h after rhythm regularization and, even 24 days after the restoration of sinus rhythm, the activity of catalase remained increased. 53 In the same way, the study by Michałek et al reported that serum CuZn-SOD activity and serum total antioxidant capacity were significantly lower in their study groups compared to in control animals; specifically, they found that catalase activity was significantly higher and plasma GPx activity was significantly lower in dogs with chronic heart failure and AF compared to those with chronic heart failure only, sinus rhythm, or control dogs. 54…”

Section: Superoxide Dismutase and Catalasementioning

confidence: 83%

The Role of Major Biomarkers of Stress in Atrial Fibrillation: A Literature Review

Rafaqat¹,

Rafaqat²

2023

J Innov Cardiac Rhythm Manage.

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Numerous studies have reported that physical or emotional stress can provoke atrial fibrillation (AF) or vice versa, which suggests a potential link between exposure to external stressors and AF. This review article sought to describe in detail the relationship between major stress biomarkers and the pathogenesis of AF and presents up-to-date knowledge on the role of physiological and psychological stress in AF patients. For this purpose, this review article contends that plasma cortisol is linked to a greater risk of AF. A previous study has investigated the association between increased copeptin levels and paroxysmal AF (PAF) in rheumatic mitral stenosis and reported that copeptin concentration was not independently associated with AF duration. Reduced levels of chromogranin were measured in patients with AF. Furthermore, the dynamic activity of antioxidant enzymes, including catalase as well as superoxide dismutase, was examined in PAF patients during a period of <48 h. Malondialdehyde activity, serum high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, and high mobility group box 1 protein concentrations were significantly greater in patients with persistent AF or PAF compared to controls. Pooled data from 13 studies confirmed a significant reduction in the risk of AF related to the administration of vasopressin. Other studies have revealed the mechanism of action of heat shock proteins (HSPs) in preventing AF and also discussed the therapeutic potential of HSP-inducing compounds in clinical AF. More research is required to detect other biomarkers of stress, which have not been reported in the pathogenesis of AF. Further studies are required to identify their mechanism of action and drugs to manage these biomarkers of stress in AF patients, which might help to reduce the prevalence of AF globally.

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Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation: Dynamics of The Main Antioxidant Enzymes - Superoxide Dismutase and Catalase

Cited by 3 publications

References 20 publications

Triggers of Atrial Fibrillation in the Geriatric Medical Intensive Care Unit: An Observational Study

Triggers of Atrial Fibrillation in the Geriatric Medical Intensive Care Unit: An Observational Study

Evaluation of Oxidative Stress, Apoptosis, and Expression of MicroRNA-208a and MicroRNA-1 in Cardiovascular Patients

The Role of Major Biomarkers of Stress in Atrial Fibrillation: A Literature Review

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