Parotid Gland with Double Duct: An Anatomic Variation Description

Fernandes, Atson Carlos de Souza; Lima, Rafael Guimarães; Rossi, Marcelle Alvarez; Aguiar, Marcio Cajazeira

doi:10.4067/s0717-95022009000100023

Cited by 11 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…They considered these ducts as extension of the collecting ducts which should have normally united inside the substance of parotid gland and emerged as a single duct. Similar right sided ductal pattern was observed by Fernandes et al [10] but he failed to trace the origins of these ducts within the parotid gland. According to Bailey the incidence of double parotid duct is 7% in general population [11].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 56%

‘Y’ Shaped right Parotid duct - a rare anatomical presentation

Itoo

Hussain²,

Itoo³

et al. 2015

IJBAS

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The parotid gland with two ducts is a rare anomaly and very few cases have been reported in the literature. The Present study was conducted in the postgraduate Department of Anatomy at Government Medical College Srinagar to study the variations in the pattern and number of ducts of parotid gland during routine dissection for academic purposes between 2001 -20014. Both parotid glands of 36 Indian cadavers were dissected out for routine anatomic teaching and simultaneously recording observations. In this study we also included 10 formalin preserved specimens of parotid gland. It was observed that in one of the cadavers two ducts emerged from the anterior border of right parotid gland. These ducts D1 (superior) and D2 (inferior) joined after crossing the anterior border of the masseter muscle and formed a common duct (D3) in the form of letter 'Y', which pierced the buccal pad of fat, buccopharngeal fascia, buccinator muscle and mucous membrane before opening inside the vestibule of mouth. This anomalous duct pattern though rare is of great academic and clinical significance in Otorhinology, Maxillofacial and Plastic surgery, where it may explain the occurrence of post traumatic/iatrogenic parotid fistulas and need for preoperative sialography during surgical procedures of this region.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 56%

‘Y’ Shaped right Parotid duct - a rare anatomical presentation

Itoo

Hussain²,

Itoo³

et al. 2015

IJBAS

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show abstract

“…Fernandes et al [3] also reported this rare variation of the parotid duct during a dissection on the right side in a 46-year-old male cadaver. The lengths of the superior and inferior ducts were 26.49 mm and 37.25 mm, respectively.…”

Section: Bilateral Double Parotid Ductsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[1] The lumen of the parotid duct is about 3 to 4 mm in diameter and its length is about 5 cm. [1,3,4] Although the anatomical course of this duct is well known, the reports on its normal anatomical variants and morphometry are very few. [7] Understanding the variations of the parotid duct is important for the assessment new diagnostic and therapeutic techniques.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[7] Besides, the proper knowledge of the normal topographic anatomy and variations of the parotid duct provides easy understanding of the analysis of radiographic images and computerized tomographic scans used in sialography. [3] The aim of current study was to report a rare anomaly of the parotid duct because of its clinical importance for both diagnostic and therapeutic procedures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Small ducts from the accessory gland drain into the parotid duct. [1][2][3] The parotid duct, also known as the Stensen's duct after the Danish neuroanatomist Neils Stensen, begins with the confluence of two main tributaries within the anterior part of the gland. It appears at the anterior border of the upper part of the parotid gland and passes across the masseter.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Bilateral double parotid ducts: a case report

Üçerler¹,

İkiz²,

Soylu³

et al. 2016

Anatomy

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double parotid ducts were observed in a formalin-fixed 72-yearold male cadaver. The cadaver had no trace of scars, adhesions or signs of trauma or operation. All measurements were taken using a stainless steel caliper with an accuracy of 0.02 mm. The study conforms to the provisions of the Helsinki Declaration of 1964 and all subsequent revisions. AbstractThe parotid duct is formed by the confluence of two ducts in the gland which ascend and descend at right angle to the main duct. While crossing the masseter muscle, it can receive the accessory parotid duct. Although the anatomical course of this duct is well known, the reports on its normal anatomical variations and morphometry are very few. During routine dissection in the Department of Anatomy of Ege University School of Medicine, double parotid ducts were observed bilaterally in a 72-year-old male cadaver. These were traced carefully and neighboring anatomic structures were demonstrated. The two ducts on both sides merged with each other to form the main parotid duct that had a straight course running horizontally towards the anterior border of the masseter muscle. The length of the main parotid duct was 20.02 mm on the right side and 16 mm on the left side. The distance between tragus and the union point of the double ducts was 52 mm on the right side and 58.72 mm on the left side. Detailed morphometry and location of the double parotid ducts are useful for diagnostic and therapeutic luminal procedures.

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Unilateral duplication of the parotid duct, its embryological basis and clinical significance: a rare cadaveric case report

2014

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The parotid gland is the largest salivary gland in humans, and produces mainly serous secretions. The secretion of this gland reaches the oral cavity through single parotid duct (Stensen's duct). The parotid duct begins at the anterior border of the gland, crosses the masseter, and then pierces the buccinator and open the mouth. The present study reports a rare variation of a unilateral double parotid duct that was observed in the right side of the face of a 75-year-old male cadaver during dissection. The embryological basis of this variation can be explained as follows. A sprout originates from epithelium lining the primitive oral cavity, grows dorsally, and bifurcates. The end parts of these branches invaginate into the adjacent mesenchyme separately, proliferate, and make the parotid gland, while their proximal parts later form communicating ducts (D1 and D2) connecting the gland to the mouth. Furthermore, the clinical importance of this variation was discussed.

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Parotid Gland with Double Duct: An Anatomic Variation Description

Cited by 11 publications

References 10 publications

‘Y’ Shaped right Parotid duct - a rare anatomical presentation

‘Y’ Shaped right Parotid duct - a rare anatomical presentation

Bilateral double parotid ducts: a case report

Unilateral duplication of the parotid duct, its embryological basis and clinical significance: a rare cadaveric case report

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