Parotid and Mandibular Salivary Glands Segmentation Of The One Humped Dromedary Camel (Camelus dromedarius)

Abstract

The present study provides detailed anatomical description of the parotid and mandibular salivary glands of the one humped camel with their segmentation based on arterial blood supply and salivary ducts; to facilitate partial removal of the pathologic gland. The shape, position, relations and blood supply of both salivary glands with their ducts were studied on six cadaveric heads. The mandibular and parotid ducts were injected with Urographin® as contrast medium; through inserting the catheter into their openings in the oral cavity; then applying lateral radiography immediately after the injection. The common carotid arteries were injected with red Latex Neoprene and dissected. The parotid gland was irregular rectangular and had five processes while the mandibular gland was irregular triangular with rounded proximal and pointed distal extremity. The parotid duct enters the oral cavity on the cheek opposite the upper 4th molar tooth. The mandibular duct opens in the oral cavity at the sublingual caruncles on the sublingual floor, just about 2cm cranial to frenulum linguae. Both The parotid and the mandibular salivary glands could be divided into four segments. Partial removal of the pathologic parotid or mandibular salivary glands could be performed based on their segmentation. Tumor arrest could be established by ligation of the arterial supply of specific part of the gland.

Anatomical, Histological and Radiological Studies of Parotid Salivary Glands of the Red Fox (Vulpes vulpes) with Comparison to Baladi Dog

“…The present study revealed that each parotid salivary gland had three angles, including pre-auricular, postauricular, and masseteric angle (ventral angle), which is in accordance to a previous report in the dog (Gaber et al 2020), but in contrast to reports in cattle (Al-Sadi 2013) and camels (Rezk and Shaker 2017), where five processes were recorded. According to Dyce et al (2010) in dogs, the masseteric angle formed the apex of the gland; it was a thin elongated lobe, extending between the caudal border of the masseter and rostral border of the mandibular salivary gland.…”

“…Our results revealed that the dorsal border of the parotid salivary gland in the dog was notched by the auricular cartilage, which is in line with the findings of Dyce et al (2010) in dogs, Pereira and Faria Júnior (2018) in crab-eating foxes and Maher et al (2020) in donkeys. On the other hand, in red fox, the parotid gland was thicker than in dog, while dorsal border of the gland was not notched, as has been observed by Al-Sadi (2013) in cattle and Rezk and Shaker (2017) in camels.…”

“…One head was inoculated with Urographin at parotid papilla and a lateral radiograph was obtained. The exposure factors were 100cm FFD, with 15mAs and 55kV (Rezk and Shaker 2017).…”

“…Based on the dissection, we observed that the parotid salivary gland in the dog was light pinkish in color, as has been reported earlier (Gaber et al 2020), while color of the gland in the red fox was grayish-yellow and was similar to that reported in the crab-eating-fox (Pereira and Faria Júnior 2018(. However, its color is dark grayish red in camels (Rezk and Shaker 2017), pale yellow in donkeys (Maher et al 2020), light red in cattle (Al-Sadi 2013; Mursal 2016) and bright yellow in sheep and goats (Dyce et al 2010).…”

Sublingual floor of Rahmani sheep (Ovis aries): A scanning electron microscopy and histomorphology analysis

“…These observations are noticed grossly in small ruminants (El‐hagri, 1967; Habel, 1975; Nickel et al, 1979) and large ruminants (Ahmed, 1988). The caruncles are roughly quadrilateral in shape in Bakerwali goat (Sarma et al, 2012), and appeared as slightly raised circular area in camel (Rezk & Shaker, 2017; Smuts & Bezuidenhout, 1987). Sarma et al (1995) reported that the sublingual caruncles are wide, hard papillae with serrated border in yak.…”