Parkinson's Disease Tremor Differentially Responds to Levodopa and Subthalamic Stimulation

Abstract

BackgroundTremor in Parkinson's disease (PD) has an inconsistent response to levodopa and subthalamic deep brain stimulation (STN‐DBS).ObjectivesTo identify predictive factors of PD tremor responsiveness to levodopa and STN‐DBS.Material and MethodsPD patients with upper limb tremor who underwent STN‐DBS were included. The levodopa responsiveness of tremor (overall, postural and rest sub‐components), was assessed using the relevant UPDRS‐III items performed during the pre‐operative assessment. Post‐surgical outcomes were similarly assessed on and off stimulation. A score for the Rest/Postural tremor ratio was used to determine the influence of rest and postural tremor severity on STN‐DBS outcome. Factors predictive of tremor responsiveness were determined using multiple linear regression modelling. Volume of tissue activated measurement coupled to voxel‐based analysis was performed to identify anatomical clusters associated with motor symptoms improvement.Results165 patients were included in this study. Male gender was negatively correlated with tremor responsiveness to levodopa whereas the ratio of Rest/Postural tremor was positively correlated with both Levodopa responsiveness and STN‐DBS tremor outcome. Clusters corresponding to improvement of tremor were in the subthalamic nucleus, the Zona Incerta and the thalamus while clusters corresponding to improvement for akinesia and rigidity were located within the subthalamic nucleus.ConclusionMore severe postural tremor and less severe rest tremor were associated with both poorer levodopa and STN‐DBS response. The different locations of clusters associated with best correction of tremor and other parkinsonian features suggest that STN‐DBS effect on PD symptoms is underpinned by the modulation of different networks.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.