Parkinson’s Disease and Its Symptoms

Kumar, Dinesh

doi:10.1007/978-981-16-3056-9_2

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

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“…The loss of neurons causes a reduction in dopamine production, leading to the characteristic symptoms of the condition: tremors, rigidity, bradykinesia, and postural instability. 1 As of today, there is no cure for PD, but treatment that can provide significant relief from symptoms is available, and neuroimaging techniques can be used to monitor the progress of the disease and predict its severity. Therefore, the diagnosis of PD is based on the presence of these symptoms, together with a detailed history of the patient’s condition.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parkinson’s disease patients show delayed hemodynamic changes in primary motor cortex in fine motor tasks and decreased resting-state interhemispheric functional connectivity: a functional near-infrared spectroscopy study

Guevara,

Rivas-Ruvalcaba,

Kolosovas-Machuca

et al. 2024

Neurophoton.

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People with Parkinson's disease (PD) experience changes in fine motor skills, which is viewed as one of the hallmark signs of this disease. Due to its non-invasive nature and portability, functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) is a promising tool for assessing changes related to fine motor skills. Aim:We aim to compare activation patterns in the primary motor cortex using fNIRS, comparing volunteers with PD and sex-and age-matched control participants during a fine motor task and walking. Moreover, inter and intrahemispheric functional connectivity (FC) was investigated during the resting state.Approach: We used fNIRS to measure the hemodynamic changes in the primary motor cortex elicited by a finger-tapping task in 20 PD patients and 20 controls matched for age, sex, education, and body mass index. In addition, a two-minute walking task was carried out. Resting-state FC was also assessed.Results: Patients with PD showed delayed hypoactivation in the motor cortex during the fine motor task with the dominant hand and delayed hyperactivation with the non-dominant hand. The findings also revealed significant correlations among various measures of hemodynamic activity in the motor cortex using fNIRS and different cognitive and clinical variables. There were no significant differences between patients with PD and controls during the walking task. However, there were significant differences in interhemispheric connectivity between PD patients and control participants, with a statistically significant decrease in PD patients compared with control participants.Conclusions: Decreased interhemispheric FC and delayed activity in the primary motor cortex elicited by a fine motor task may one day serve as one of the many potential neuroimaging biomarkers for diagnosing PD.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%