Parkinson and Stem Cell Therapy

Abstract

ABSTRAKPenyakit parkinson merupakan gangguan neurodegeneratif yang bersifat progesif yang mengenai gerakan atau kontrol terhadap gerakan. Penyakit ini sering terjadi pada individu berusia lebih dari 60 tahun.Etiologi penyakit parkinson diduga disebabkan oleh kombinasi faktor genetik dan lingkungan. Karena harapan hidup secara keseluruhan meningkat, maka jumlah orang dengan penyakit parkinson akan meningkat di masa depan.Terapi dari penyakit parkinson dapat menggunakan dengan terapi farmakologi maupun terapi nonfarmakologi. Terapi farmakologi dapat menggunakan levodopa, monoamine oxidase-b inhibitor, dopamin agonis, antikolinergik dan amantadine, sedangkan terapi nonfarmakologi dapat menggunakan metode terapi stem sel. Stem sel merupakan sel induk yang mempunyai dua karakteristik penting yaitu mampu melakukan self-renewing melalui pembelahan sel serta dapat diinduksi menjadi sel dengan fungsi spesifik.Terapi stem sel pada penyakit parkinson bertujuan untuk mengganti sel dopaminergik yang rusak. Kata kunci: Parkinson, stem sel, neurodegeneratif ABSTRACTParkinson's disease is a neurodegenerative disorder that is progressive about the movement or control of movement. The disease often occurs in people over the age of 60 years. The etiology of Parkinson's disease caused by a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Because overall life expectancy increases, the number of people with Parkinson's disease will increase in the future. Treatment of Parkinson's disease can be used with pharmacological therapy and nonpharmacological therapy. Pharmacological therapy can use levodopa, monoamine oxidase-B inhibitors, dopamine agonists, anticholinergics and amantadine, while nonpharmacological therapies may use the method of stem cell therapy. Stem cells are master cells that have two important characteristics that can perform self-renewing through cell division and can be induced to become cells with specific functions. The aim of Stem cell therapy in Parkinson's disease to replace the damaged dopaminergic cells.

Sistem Pakar Dalam Mendiagnosa Penyakit Parkinson Menerapkan Metode Dempster-Shafer

“…Kerusakan sel saraf di substantia nigra, wilayah otak yang bertanggung jawab untuk produksi dopamin, adalah akar penyebab penyakit Parkinson [4]. Dopamin berfungsi sebagai pembawa pesan antara otak dan daerah sistem saraf yang membantu mengatur dan mengkoordinasikan gerakan tubuh.…”

Implementation of Fuzzy Expert System to Detect Parkinson's Disease Based on Mobile

“…Parkinson's disease is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by classic motor symptoms, namely bradykinesia, rigidity, and tremors (Gunawan et al, 2017). This disease attacks nerve cells gradually in the midbrain where the part regulates body movements.…”

Keluwih (Artocarpus camansi) extract effects in zebrafish models of Parkinson’s disease

“…While the preference is roughly the same for both sexes, men are more susceptible to its effects with a ratio of 3:2. 3 Parkinson's is a progressive neurodegenerative disease characterized by the loss of neurons in the substantia nigra resulting in decreased dopamine production and accumulation of Lewy bodies (LB) due to the formation of α-synuclein aggregates. The LB formation impairs the ubiquitin-proteasome degradation process, causing the failure of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production, which results in mitochondrial dysfunction.…”

“…All treatment is known to relieve and overcome the symptoms of Parkinson's due to improving the Activity of Daily Living (ADL) and Quality of Life (QQL), but they do not stop dopamine degradation. 3,8 This condition encourages research to develop better neuroprotective therapy strategies as supportive therapies for Parkinson's disease. The supportive therapy should be highly effective for the disease remedy and common side effects for patients.…”